Zamasamba zokonzekedwa kale zimagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wamakampani azakudya kusanthula mwaukadaulo zida zosiyanasiyana zamasamba, ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira zasayansi ndiukadaulo kuti zitsimikizire kutsitsimuka ndi kukoma kwa mbale;ndiwo zamasamba zomwe zakonzedwa kale zimapulumutsa vuto logula zinthu zopangira chakudya ndikuchepetsa njira zopangira.Pambuyo popakidwa mwaukhondo komanso mwasayansi, kenako kutenthedwa kapena kutenthedwa, zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwachindunji ngati chakudya chapadera patebulo.Zakudya zokonzedwa kale ziyenera kudutsakuyendera chakudyaasanatumikire.Ndi mayeso otani a mbale zomwe zakonzedwa kale?Standard mndandanda wa okonzeka mbale.
mayeso osiyanasiyana:
(1) Chakudya chokonzekera kudya: chakudya chokonzekera chomwe chimatha kudyedwa mukatha kutsegulidwa, monga mapazi a nkhuku okonzeka kudya, nyama ya ng’ombe, phala lamtengo wapatali eyiti, chakudya cham’chitini, khosi la bakha loluka, ndi zina zotero.
(2) Chakudya chokonzekera kutentha: Chakudya chomwe chakonzeka kudyedwa mukatenthedwa mubafa lamadzi otentha kapena mu uvuni wa microwave, monga ma dumplings owunda mwachangu, sitolo yosungiramo zakudya zofulumira, Zakudyazi, mphika wotentha wodziwotcha, ndi zina zotero. .
(3) Zakudya zokonzeka kuphikidwa: Zakudya zimene zakonzedwa n’kuikidwa m’magawo.Zakudya zomwe zakonzeka kudyedwa pambuyo poyanika, kuwotchanso ndi njira zina zophikira zimawonjezeredwa ngati pakufunika, monga mafiriji a steak ndi mafiriji.Ma cubes a nkhuku osungidwa, mufiriji wokoma ndi wowawasa nkhumba, etc.
(4) Chakudya chokonzekera kukonzekera: Pambuyo pa kukonzedwa koyambirira monga kusanthula, kuyeretsa, kudula, ndi zina zotero, masamba aukhondo amaikidwa m’magawo ndipo amafunikira kuphikidwa ndi kuumitsidwa asanadye.
Mfundo zazikuluzikulu zoyesa mbale zomwe zakonzedwa nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo izi:
1. Kuyesa kwa tizilombo:Dziwani kuchuluka kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda monga E. coli, salmonella, nkhungu, ndi yisiti kuti muwunikire ukhondo wa mbale zomwe zakonzedwa.
2. Kuyesa kapangidwe ka mankhwala:Dziwani zotsalira za mankhwala ophera tizilombo, zitsulo zolemera ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zowonjezera kuti muwonetsetse chitetezo ndi mtundu wa mbale zomwe zakonzedwa.
3. Kuyesa chizindikiro cha chitetezo cha chakudya:kuphatikizapo kuyezetsa mabakiteriya a tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi poizoni m'zakudya kuti zitsimikizidwe kuti mbale zokonzeka sizikuika pangozi thanzi kwa ogula.
4.Kuyesa kwa index ya Quality:Dziwani kuchuluka kwa chinyezi, zakudya komanso kusokoneza zinthu zakunja m'mbale zomwe zakonzedwa kuti muwone momwe mbale zokonzedwazo zilili komanso ukhondo.
Zokonzekera mbale zoyendera:
Mtsogoleri, arsenic okwana, mtengo wa asidi, mtengo wa peroxide, chiwerengero chonse cha mabakiteriya, coliforms, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella, ndi zina zotero.
Miyezo yoyesera ya mbale zokonzedwa:
GB 2762 National Food Safety Standard Malire a Zowonongeka mu Chakudya
GB 4789.2 National Food Safety Standard Food Microbiological Inspection Kutsimikiza kwa Chiwerengero chonse cha mabakiteriya
GB/T 4789.3-2003 Food Hygiene Microbiological Inspection Coliform Determination
GB 4789.3 National Food Safety Standard Food Microbiology Test Coliform Count
GB 4789.4 National Food Safety Standard Food Microbiology Mayeso a Salmonella
GB 4789.10 National Food Safety Standard Food Microbiology Test Staphylococcus aureus Test
GB 4789.15 National Food Safety Standard Food Microbiology Test Mold ndi Yeast Count
GB 5009.12 Muyezo wa chitetezo cha chakudya cha dziko Kutsimikiza kwa lead mu chakudya
GB 5009.11 Muyezo wa chitetezo cha chakudya cha dziko Kutsimikiza kwa arsenic ndi inorganic arsenic muzakudya
GB 5009.227 National Food Safety Standard Kutsimikiza kwa Mtengo wa Peroxide mu Zakudya
GB 5009.229 National Food Safety Standard Kutsimikiza kwa Mtengo wa Acid mu Zakudya
QB/T 5471-2020 "Zakudya Zabwino"
SB/T 10379-2012 "zakudya zokonzedwa mwachangu"
SB/T10648-2012 "zakudya zokonzedwa mufiriji"
SB/T 10482-2008 "Zofunika Zakudya Zanyama Zokonzeka Ndi Zofunikira Zachitetezo"
Nthawi yotumiza: Jan-05-2024