Muri 2017, ibihugu by’Uburayi byasabye gahunda yo guhagarika ibinyabiziga bya peteroli.Muri icyo gihe, ibihugu byo mu majyepfo y’amajyepfo ya Aziya na Amerika y'Epfo byasabye gahunda zitandukanye zo kurwanya ihumana ry’ikirere, harimo guteza imbere ibinyabiziga by’amashanyarazi nk’umushinga w’ingenzi uzashyirwa mu bikorwa ejo hazaza.Muri icyo gihe, nk'uko imibare ya NPD ibigaragaza, kuva icyorezo cyatangira, kugurisha imodoka z’ibiziga bibiri muri Amerika byiyongereye.Muri Kamena 2020, igurishwa ry’amagare y’amashanyarazi ryiyongereye cyane ku kigero cya 190% umwaka ushize, naho igurishwa ry’amagare y’amashanyarazi muri 2020 ryiyongereyeho 150% umwaka ushize.Nk’uko Statista ibitangaza, kugurisha amagare y’amashanyarazi mu Burayi bizagera kuri miliyoni 5.43 mu 2025, naho kugurisha amagare y’amashanyarazi muri Amerika ya Ruguru bizagera ku bice bigera kuri 650.000 mu gihe kimwe, kandi amapikipiki arenga 80% azatumizwa mu mahanga.
Ibisabwa kugenzura aho biri ku magare
1. Ikizamini cyuzuye cyumutekano wibinyabiziga
-Fata ikizamini cyo gukora
-Ubushobozi bwo gutwara pedal
-Ikizamini cyubaka: gukuraho pedal, gusohoka, kurwanya kugongana, ikizamini cyo gukora amazi
2. Ikizamini cyumutekano wibikoresho
-Frame / imbere yikibanza cyinyeganyeza ningaruka zingufu zipimisha
-Gusubiramo, kumurika no gupima ibikoresho byamahembe
3. Kwipimisha umutekano w'amashanyarazi
-Gushiraho amashanyarazi: kwishyiriraho insinga, kurinda imiyoboro ngufi, imbaraga z'amashanyarazi
-Ubugenzuzi bwa sisitemu: feri yumuriro-wo gukora, ibikorwa birenze urugero-byo kurinda, hamwe nigikorwa cyo gukumira-igihombo
-Moteri yagereranije imbaraga zisohoka zisohoka
-Gusuzuma no kugenzura bateri
4 Kugenzura imikorere yumuriro
5 Kugenzura imikorere ya Flame retardant
Ikizamini 6
Usibye ibyangombwa byavuzwe haruguru by’umutekano ku magare y’amashanyarazi, umugenzuzi agomba kandi gukora ibindi bizamini bifitanye isano mugihe cyo kugenzura aho, harimo: ingano yisanduku yo hanze nubugenzuzi bwibiro, gukora agasanduku ko hanze no kugenzura ingano, gupima ingano yamagare yumuriro, uburemere bwamagare yumuriro ikizamini, coating adhesion Ikizamini, ikizamini cyo kugabanuka.
Ibisabwa bidasanzwe y'amasoko atandukanye
Gusobanukirwa umutekano n’ibikoreshwa ku isoko ugenewe ni bwo buryo bwonyine bwo kwemeza ko igare ry’amashanyarazi ryakozwe ryemewe n’isoko ryo kugurisha.
1 Ibisabwa ku isoko ryimbere mu gihugu
Kugeza ubu, amabwiriza aheruka kugenderwaho n’amagare y’amashanyarazi mu 2022 aracyashingira kuri “Tekiniki y’umutekano w’amagare y’amashanyarazi” (GB17761-2018), ryashyizwe mu bikorwa ku ya 15 Mata 2019: amagare y’amashanyarazi akeneye kubahiriza amabwiriza akurikira:
-Umuvuduko ntarengwa wo gushushanya amagare yamashanyarazi ntarenza kilometero 25 / isaha:
-Imodoka yimodoka (harimo na bateri) ntabwo irenga kg 55:
-Umuvuduko w'izina wa bateri uri munsi cyangwa uhwanye na volt 48;
-Ibipimo bikomeza bisohoka imbaraga za moteri ni munsi cyangwa ihwanye na watt 400
-Bigomba kugira ubushobozi bwo gutambuka;
2. Ibisabwa byoherezwa ku isoko ry’Amerika
Ibipimo by’isoko muri Amerika:
IEC 62485-3 Inyandiko.1.0 b: 2010
UL 2271
UL2849
-Moteri igomba kuba munsi ya 750W (1 HP)
-Umuvuduko ntarengwa uri munsi ya 20 mph kubatwara ibiro 170 iyo utwarwa na moteri yonyine;
-Amabwiriza yumutekano akoreshwa ku magare na elegitoroniki akoreshwa no kuri e-gare, harimo 16CFR 1512 na UL2849 kuri sisitemu y'amashanyarazi.
3. Kohereza mu mahanga ibisabwa na EU
Ibipimo by’isoko ry’ibihugu by’Uburayi:
ONORM EN 15194: 2009
BS EN 15194: 2009
DIN EN 15194: 2009
DS / EN 15194: 2009
DS / EN 50272-3
-Ibipimo ntarengwa bikomeza imbaraga za moteri bigomba kuba 0.25kw;
- Imbaraga zigomba gutinda no guhagarara mugihe umuvuduko ntarengwa ugeze kuri 25 km / h cyangwa iyo pedal ihagaze;
-Igipimo cyagenwe cya moteri itanga amashanyarazi hamwe na sisitemu yo kwishyiriraho imashanyarazi irashobora kugera kuri 48V DC, cyangwa amashanyarazi akomatanya hamwe na 230V AC yinjiye;
-Uburebure ntarengwa bw'intebe bugomba kuba nibura mm 635;
- Ibisabwa byumutekano byihariye bikoreshwa mumagare yamashanyarazi -EN 15194 mubuyobozi bwimashini nibipimo byose byavuzwe muri EN 15194.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-15-2024