Miyambo ndi zikhalidwe za mayiko onse padziko lapansi ndi zosiyana kwambiri, ndipo chikhalidwe chilichonse chimakhala ndi zotsalira zake.Mwinamwake aliyense amadziwa pang'ono za zakudya ndi makhalidwe a mayiko onse, ndipo adzapereka chidwi chapadera popita kunja.Ndiye, kodi mumamvetsetsa zogula zamayiko osiyanasiyana?
Asia
Pakali pano, mayiko ambiri ku Asia, kupatula Japan, ndi mayiko osauka.Ulimi umagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri m'maiko aku Asia.Maziko a mafakitale m'maiko ambiri ndi ofooka, makampani opanga migodi ndi mafakitale opanga zinthu zaulimi apita patsogolo, ndipo makampani olemera akukula.
Japan
Anthu a ku Japan amadziŵikanso m’mayiko osiyanasiyana chifukwa cha kuuma mtima kwawo.Amakonda zokambirana zamagulu ndipo ali ndi zofunika kwambiri.Miyezo yoyendera ndi yokhwima kwambiri, koma kukhulupirika kwawo ndikwambiri.Pambuyo pa mgwirizano, kawirikawiri samasintha ogulitsa.Zizoloŵezi zamalonda: kutengeka ndi nzeru, tcherani khutu ku makhalidwe abwino ndi maubwenzi apakati pa anthu, kudzidalira ndi kuleza mtima, mzimu wopambana wamagulu, kukonzekera mokwanira, kukonzekera mwamphamvu, ndi kuyang'ana pa zofuna za nthawi yaitali.Khalani oleza mtima komanso osasunthika, ndipo nthawi zina khalani ndi malingaliro osamveka bwino komanso mwanzeru.Mawu akuti "magudumu" ndi "kukhala chete kuswa ayezi" amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokambirana.Chenjezo: Amalonda a ku Japan ali ndi chidwi chambiri pagulu ndipo amazolowera kupanga zisankho limodzi.“Pandani zambiri ndi zochepa” ndi chizoloŵezi chokambitsirana cha amalonda aku Japan;Samalani kukhazikitsidwa kwa maubwenzi aumwini, osakonda kugulitsa mapangano, samalani kwambiri ndi kukhulupirika kuposa mapangano, ndi oyimira pakati ndi ofunika kwambiri;Samalani zaulemu ndi nkhope, osaneneza mwachindunji kapena kukana Ajapani, ndipo tcherani khutu ku nkhani ya kupereka mphatso;“Njira zozengereza” ndizo “machenjera” ogwiritsiridwa ntchito ndi amalonda a ku Japan.Amalonda aku Japan sakonda zokambirana zolimba komanso zachangu za "kutsatsa malonda", ndipo amalabadira bata, kudzidalira, kukongola komanso kuleza mtima.
Republic of korea
Ogula aku Korea ndi abwino pazokambirana, zomveka komanso zomveka.Zizolowezi zamalonda: Anthu aku Korea ndi aulemu, odziwa kukambirana, omveka bwino komanso omveka, komanso amamvetsetsa bwino komanso amatha kuchitapo kanthu.Iwo amaika kufunika kulenga mlengalenga.Amalonda awo nthawi zambiri amakhala osamwetulira, aulemu komanso olemekezeka.Othandizira athu ayenera kukhala okonzekera mokwanira, kusintha maganizo awo, ndipo asatengeke ndi mphamvu ya gulu lina.
India/Pakistan
Ogula a mayiko awiriwa ali ndi chidwi ndi mtengo, ndipo ogula ali ndi polarized kwambiri: mwina amagulitsa kwambiri, koma amafuna zinthu zabwino kwambiri;Mwina mtengowo ndi wotsika kwambiri ndipo palibe chofunikira pazabwino.Monga kugulitsana, muyenera kukhala okonzekera kukambirana ndi kukambirana kwa nthawi yayitali mukamagwira nawo ntchito.Kukhazikitsa ubale kumagwira ntchito yothandiza kwambiri pakuwongolera malonda.Samalani ndi zowona za wogulitsa, ndipo tikulimbikitsidwa kufunsa wogula ndalama.
Saudi Arabia/UAE/Türkiye ndi mayiko ena
Kuzolowera zochitika zina kudzera mwa othandizira, komanso kuchitapo kanthu kwachindunji kunali kozizira;Zofunikira pazogulitsa ndizochepa.Amapereka chidwi kwambiri ku mtundu ndipo amakonda zinthu zakuda.Phindu ndi laling'ono ndipo kuchuluka kwake ndi kochepa, koma dongosolo liri lokhazikika;Wogulayo ndi woona mtima, koma woperekayo ayenera kupereka chisamaliro chapadera kwa wothandizira kuti asapanikizidwe ndi gulu lina m’njira zosiyanasiyana;Tiyenera kulabadira mfundo yosunga malonjezo, kukhala ndi mtima wabwino, ndipo tisamakakamize zambiri za zitsanzo zingapo kapena chindapusa chotumizira makalata.
Europe
Kusanthula mwachidule: Makhalidwe odziwika: Ndimakonda kugula masitayelo osiyanasiyana, koma voliyumu yogulayo ndi yaying'ono;Samalani kwambiri kalembedwe kazinthu, kalembedwe, kapangidwe kake, mtundu ndi zinthu, zimafunikira kutetezedwa kwa chilengedwe, komanso kukhala ndi zofunika kwambiri pamawonekedwe;Nthawi zambiri, amakhala ndi opanga awo, omwe ali omwazikana, makamaka mtundu wawo, ndipo amakhala ndi zofunikira zamtundu.Njira yake yolipira ndiyosavuta.Sichisamala pakuwunika kwa fakitale, kulabadira chiphaso (chitsimikizo chachitetezo cha chilengedwe, chitsimikiziro chaukadaulo ndiukadaulo, ndi zina), komanso kulabadira kapangidwe ka fakitale, kafukufuku ndi chitukuko, mphamvu zopanga, ndi zina zambiri. Otsatsa ambiri amayenera kuchita OEM/ ODM.
Britain
Ngati mungapangitse makasitomala aku Britain kumva kuti ndinu njonda, kukambirana kudzakhala kosavuta.Anthu a ku Britain amapereka chidwi chapadera pazokonda zovomerezeka ndikutsatira ndondomekoyi, ndikuyang'anitsitsa khalidwe lachiyeso kapena mndandanda wa zitsanzo.Ngati mndandanda woyamba wa mayeso olembedwa ukulephera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zake, nthawi zambiri palibe mgwirizano wotsatira.Zindikirani: Pokambirana ndi anthu aku Britain, tiyenera kulabadira kufanana kwa kudziwika, kuyang'ana nthawi, ndi kulabadira ziganizo zonena za mgwirizano.Otsatsa ambiri aku China nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi ogula aku Britain pamwambo wamalonda.Posinthanitsa makhadi a bizinesi, amapeza kuti adilesi ndi "XX Downing Street, London", ndipo ogula amakhala pakati pa mzinda waukulu.Koma poyang'ana koyamba, a British si oyera oyera a Anglo-Saxon, koma akuda a ku Africa kapena Asia.Akamalankhula adzapeza kuti mbali ina si yogula kwambiri, choncho amakhumudwa kwambiri.Ndipotu, Britain ndi dziko lamitundu yambiri, ndipo ogula ambiri oyera ku Britain samakhala m'mizinda, chifukwa amalonda ena a ku Britain omwe ali ndi mbiri yakale komanso chikhalidwe cha bizinesi ya mabanja (monga kupanga nsapato, malonda a zikopa, ndi zina zotero). kukhala m'midzi ina, midzi, ngakhale m'nyumba yachinyumba yakale, kotero kuti maadiresi awo nthawi zambiri amakhala ngati "Chesterfield" "Sheffield" ndi malo ena okhala ndi "munda" monga suffix.Choncho, mfundo imeneyi ikufunika chisamaliro chapadera.Amalonda aku Britain omwe amakhala kumidzi yakumidzi akuyenera kukhala ogula kwambiri.
Germany
Anthu aku Germany ndi okhwima, okonzekera, amalabadira kugwira ntchito moyenera, amatsata zabwino, amasunga malonjezo, komanso amagwirizana ndi amalonda aku Germany kuti apange chidziwitso chokwanira, komanso kulabadira mtundu wazinthu.Osamangokhalira kukangana pazokambirana, "zochepa, zowona mtima".Mchitidwe wokambilana waku Germany ndi wanzeru komanso wanzeru, ndipo zololeza zambiri zimakhala mkati mwa 20%;Pokambirana ndi amalonda a ku Germany, tiyenera kumvetsera kulankhula ndi kupereka mphatso, kukonzekera mokwanira zokambirana, ndi kulabadira ofuna kukambirana ndi luso.Kuphatikiza apo, woperekayo ayenera kusamala popereka zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri, ndipo nthawi yomweyo samalani zomwe zimagwira ntchito bwino pagome lokambirana.Musakhale osasamala nthawi zonse, tcherani khutu ku tsatanetsatane wantchito yonse yobweretsera, fufuzani momwe zinthu zilili nthawi iliyonse ndikubwezerani nthawi yake kwa wogula.
France
Ambiri achi French ndi ochezeka komanso amalankhula.Ngati mukufuna makasitomala aku France, kulibwino mukhale odziwa bwino Chifalansa.Komabe, alibe lingaliro lamphamvu la nthawi.Nthawi zambiri amakhala mochedwa kapena unilaterally kusintha nthawi mu bizinesi kapena kulankhulana, choncho ayenera kukhala okonzeka.Amalonda a ku France ali ndi zofunikira zokhwima pamtundu wa katundu, ndipo mikhalidwe ndi yovuta.Nthawi yomweyo, amaphatikizanso kukongola kwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri, ndipo amafuna kulongedza bwino.A French akhala akukhulupirira kuti France ndiye mtsogoleri wapadziko lonse wazinthu zapamwamba kwambiri.Choncho, iwo amasamala kwambiri za zovala zawo.M’malingaliro awo, zovala zimatha kuimira chikhalidwe cha munthu ndi umunthu wake.Choncho, pokambirana, zovala zanzeru ndi zovala bwino zidzabweretsa zotsatira zabwino.
Italy
Ngakhale anthu aku Italiya ndi ochezeka komanso okondwa, amakhala osamala pokambirana ndi kupanga zisankho.Anthu aku Italy ali okonzeka kuchita bizinesi ndi mabizinesi apakhomo.Ngati mukufuna kugwirizana nawo, muyenera kusonyeza kuti malonda anu ndi abwino komanso otsika mtengo kusiyana ndi zinthu za ku Italy.
Spain
Njira yogulitsira: malipiro a katundu amapangidwa ndi kalata ya ngongole.Nthawi yobwereketsa nthawi zambiri imakhala masiku 90, ndipo malo ogulitsira ambiri amakhala pafupifupi masiku 120 mpaka 150.Kuchuluka kwa Order: pafupifupi 200 mpaka 1000 zidutswa nthawi iliyonse Zindikirani: dziko silimalipira msonkho pazinthu zomwe zatumizidwa kunja.Otsatsa akuyenera kufupikitsa nthawi yopanga ndikulabadira zabwino komanso zabwino.
Denmark
Zizolowezi zamalonda: Ogulitsa kunja aku Denmark nthawi zambiri amavomereza L/C akamachita bizinesi yoyamba ndi wogulitsa kunja.Pambuyo pake, ndalama zotsutsana ndi zikalata ndi masiku 30-90 D/P kapena D/A nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito.Maoda okhala ndi ndalama zochepa poyambira (chitsanzo cha katundu kapena zogulitsa zoyeserera)
Pankhani yamitengo: Denmark imapereka chithandizo chamayiko omwe amakondedwa kwambiri kapena GSP yabwino kwambiri kuzinthu zomwe zimatumizidwa kuchokera kumayiko omwe akutukuka kumene, maiko aku Eastern Europe ndi mayiko akugombe la Mediterranean.Komabe, kwenikweni, pali zokonda zochepa zamitengo muzitsulo ndi nsalu, ndipo mayiko omwe ali ndi nsalu zazikulu zogulitsa kunja nthawi zambiri amatenga ndondomeko zawo zamtengo wapatali.Zindikirani: Mofanana ndi chitsanzo, wogulitsa kunja ayenera kumvetsera tsiku lobweretsa.Pamene mgwirizano watsopano wachitika, wogulitsa kunja ayenera kufotokoza tsiku lenileni la kubweretsa ndikukwaniritsa udindo wake panthawi yake.Kuchedwetsa kulikonse kobweretsa chifukwa chakuphwanya tsiku loperekera kungayambitse kuletsa kontrakitala ndi wotumiza kunja waku Denmark.
Greece
Ogula ndi oona mtima koma osagwira ntchito, satsata mafashoni, ndipo amakonda kuwononga nthawi (Agiriki amakhulupirira kuti anthu olemera okha ndi omwe ali ndi nthawi yowononga, choncho amasankha kuwotcha dzuwa pamphepete mwa nyanja ya Aegean, m'malo mopita kukapanga. ndalama mkati ndi kunja kwa bizinesi.)
Makhalidwe a mayiko a Nordic ndi osavuta, odzichepetsa komanso anzeru, pang'onopang'ono, odekha komanso odekha.Osachita bwino pazokambirana, monga kuchita bwino komanso kuchita bwino;Timatchera khutu ku khalidwe lazogulitsa, certification, kuteteza chilengedwe, kuteteza mphamvu ndi zina kuposa mtengo.
Ogula aku Russia ochokera ku Russia ndi mayiko ena a Kum'mawa kwa Europe amakonda kuyankhula za mapangano amtengo wapatali ndipo akufunafuna pazantchito komanso alibe kusinthasintha.Panthawi imodzimodziyo, anthu a ku Russia ndi ochedwa poyendetsa zinthu.Akamalankhulana ndi ogula aku Russia ndi Kum'mawa kwa Europe, akuyenera kulabadira kutsata nthawi yake ndikutsata kuti apewe kusinthasintha kwa mbali inayo.Malingana ngati anthu aku Russia akuchita bizinesi atasayina mgwirizano, TT mwachindunji kutumiza kwa telegraphic kumakhala kofala.Amafuna kubweretsa panthawi yake komanso LC yosatsegula.Komabe, sikophweka kupeza kugwirizana.Atha kungodutsa pa Show Show kapena kupita kudera lakwanu.Chilankhulo chakumaloko chimakhala cha Chirasha, ndipo kulankhulana kwa Chingerezi sikochitika, zomwe zimakhala zovuta kulankhulana.Nthawi zambiri, tidzapempha thandizo kwa omasulira.
Africa
Ogula aku Africa amagula zinthu zochepa komanso zosiyanasiyana, koma zidzakhala zachangu.Ambiri a iwo amagwiritsa ntchito TT ndi njira zolipirira ndalama, ndipo sakonda kugwiritsa ntchito makalata a ngongole.Amagula zinthu akuona, kupereka ndalama ndi kutumiza, kapena kugulitsa zinthu pangongole.Mayiko a ku Africa akugwiritsa ntchito kuyendera kasamalidwe ka katundu wolowa ndi kutumiza kunja, komwe kumawonjezera ndalama zathu pogwira ntchito, kuchedwetsa tsiku loperekera ndikulepheretsa chitukuko chabwino cha malonda.Makhadi a ngongole ndi macheke amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku South Africa, ndipo ndi mwambo "kudya musanalipidwe".
Morocco
Zochita zamalonda: gwiritsani ntchito ndalama zolipirira ndalama zotsika mtengo komanso kusiyana kwamitengo.Zindikirani: Mtengo wa tarifi ku Morocco nthawi zambiri umakhala wokwera kwambiri ndipo kasamalidwe kake kakusinthana ndi mayiko ena ndi okhwima.D/P mode ili ndi chiwopsezo chachikulu chotengera ndalama zakunja mubizinesi yotumiza kunja kupita kudziko.Makasitomala aku Morocco ndi mabanki amalumikizana wina ndi mnzake kuti atenge katunduyo kaye, kuchedwetsa kulipira, ndikulipira pofunsidwa ndi mabanki am'nyumba kapena mabizinesi otumiza kunja atalimbikitsidwa mobwerezabwereza ndi ofesi yathu.
South Africa
Zochita zamalonda: makhadi a ngongole ndi macheke amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, ndi chizolowezi "chakudya musanalipire".Zindikirani: Chifukwa cha ndalama zochepa komanso chiwongola dzanja chokwera kubanki (pafupifupi 22%), amagwiritsidwabe ntchito kulipira pongowona kapena pang'onopang'ono, ndipo nthawi zambiri satsegula makalata angongole.
Amereka
Kusanthula mwachidule: Chizoloŵezi chamalonda ku North America ndikuti amalonda makamaka ndi achiyuda, makamaka mabizinesi ogulitsa.Kawirikawiri, voliyumu yogula ndi yaikulu, ndipo mtengo uyenera kukhala wopikisana kwambiri, koma phindu ndilochepa;Kukhulupirika sikuli kwakukulu, ndi zenizeni.Malingana ngati apeza mtengo wotsika, adzagwirizana ndi wogulitsa wina;Samalani kuyendera mafakitale ndi ufulu wa anthu (monga ngati fakitale imagwiritsa ntchito ana, ndi zina zotero);Nthawi zambiri L/C imagwiritsidwa ntchito masiku 60 pakulipira.Amaona kufunika kochita zinthu mwanzeru, amayamikira nthawi, kuchita zinthu zothandiza, ndipo amaona kuti kutchuka ndi maonekedwe n'kofunika kwambiri.Njira yolankhulirana ndi yomveka komanso yolunjika, yodalirika komanso yodzikuza, koma mgwirizano udzakhala wochenjera kwambiri pochita bizinesi inayake.Okambirana aku America amawona kufunika kochita bwino komanso amakonda kupanga zisankho mwachangu.Pokambirana kapena kunena mawu, ayenera kumvetsera zonse.Pogwira mawu, ayenera kupereka mayankho athunthu ndikuganizira zonse;Anthu ambiri aku Canada ndi osamala ndipo sakonda kusinthasintha kwamitengo.Amakonda kukhala okhazikika.
Chizoloŵezi cha malonda ku South America nthawi zambiri chimakhala chochuluka, chotsika mtengo komanso chotsika mtengo, komanso chochepa;Palibe zofunikira za quota, koma pali mitengo yambiri.Makasitomala ambiri amachita CO kuchokera kumayiko achitatu;Mabanki ochepa ku Mexico angathe kutsegula makalata a ngongole.Ndibwino kuti ogula azilipira ndalama (T/T).Ogula nthawi zambiri amakhala amakani, okonda payekha, osasamala, komanso okhudzidwa;Lingaliro la nthawi limakhalanso lofooka ndipo pali maholide ambiri;Onetsani kumvetsetsa pokambirana.Panthawi imodzimodziyo, ogula ambiri a ku South America alibe chidziwitso cha malonda a mayiko, ndipo amakhala ndi lingaliro lofooka kwambiri la malipiro a L / C.Kuonjezera apo, chiwongoladzanja cha ntchito ya mgwirizano sichiri chokwera, ndipo malipiro sangathe kupangidwa monga momwe anakonzera chifukwa cha kusinthidwa mobwerezabwereza.Lemekezani miyambo ndi zikhulupiriro, ndi kupewa kuloŵetsamo nkhani za ndale m’kukambitsirana;Popeza kuti mayiko ali ndi ndondomeko zosiyana pa kayendetsedwe ka ndalama zakunja ndi zakunja, akuyenera kufufuza mosamala ndikuphunzira bwino za mgwirizano kuti apewe mikangano pambuyo pa chochitika;Chifukwa chakuti ndale zakomweko sizikhazikika ndipo ndondomeko ya zachuma yapakhomo ndi yosasinthika, tikamachita bizinesi ndi makasitomala aku South America, tiyenera kukhala osamala kwambiri, ndipo panthawi imodzimodziyo, tiyenera kuphunzira kugwiritsa ntchito njira ya "localization", ndi kulabadira. udindo wa Chamber of Commerce ndi Commercial Advocacy Office.
Maiko aku North America amawona kufunika kochita bwino, kutsata zokonda zenizeni, ndikuyika kufunikira kwa kulengeza ndi mawonekedwe.Njira yolankhulirana ndi yomveka komanso yolunjika, yodalirika komanso yodzikuza, koma mgwirizano udzakhala wochenjera kwambiri pochita bizinesi inayake.
USA
Chikhalidwe chachikulu cha ogula aku America ndikuchita bwino, kotero ndikwabwino kuwonetsa zabwino zanu ndi chidziwitso chazinthu mu imelo posachedwa.Ogula ambiri aku America ali ndi chidwi chochepa ndi mtundu.Malingana ngati zinthuzo zili zamtengo wapatali komanso zotsika mtengo, zidzakhala ndi omvera ambiri ku United States.Komabe, imachita chidwi ndi kuyendera mafakitale ndi ufulu wa anthu (monga ngati fakitale imagwiritsa ntchito ana).Kawirikawiri L/C, malipiro a masiku 60.Monga dziko lopanda maubwenzi, makasitomala aku America sangalankhule nanu chifukwa chakuchita kwanthawi yayitali.Chisamaliro chapadera chiyenera kuperekedwa pazokambirana kapena mawu ndi ogula aku America.Zonse ziyenera kuganiziridwa ngati zonse.Mawuwo ayenera kupereka mayankho athunthu ndikuganizira zonse.
Canada
Zina mwa ndondomeko zamalonda zakunja za Canada zidzakhudzidwa ndi Britain ndi United States.Kwa ogulitsa aku China, Canada iyenera kukhala dziko lodalirika kwambiri.
Mexico
Maganizo akamakambirana ndi anthu aku Mexico ayenera kukhala oganizira ena.Mkhalidwe wozama siwoyenera pa zokambirana zakumaloko.Phunzirani kugwiritsa ntchito njira ya "localization".Mabanki ochepa ku Mexico angathe kutsegula makalata a ngongole.Ndibwino kuti ogula azilipira ndalama (T/T).
Nthawi yotumiza: Mar-01-2023