1. Lipoti loyang'anira khalidwe la mankhwala lili
Ndi chikalata chosonyeza zotsatira za mayeso ndi zomaliza.Limapereka chidziwitso pazotsatira zomwe zimapezedwa ndi mabungwe oyesa pazinthu zomwe makasitomala amapatsidwa.Itha kukhala tsamba limodzi kapena mazana angapo kutalika.
Lipoti la mayeso lizikhala molingana ndi zofunikira za Ndime 5.8.2 ndi 5.8.3 ya "Laboratory Qualification Assessment Guidelines" (ya ma laboratories ovomerezeka) ndi ISO/IEC17025 "Criteria for the Accreditation of Testing and Calibration Laboratories" Zolemba 5.10. 2 ndi 5.10.5.10.3 Zofunikira (za ma laboratories ovomerezeka ndi CNAS) zidzapangidwa.
2 Kodi lipoti la mayeso liyenera kukhala ndi chiyani?
Lipoti la mayeso onse liyenera kukhala ndi izi:
1) Mutu (monga lipoti la mayeso, lipoti la mayeso, satifiketi yoyendera, satifiketi yoyendera, ndi zina), nambala ya seriyo, chizindikiro chololeza (CNAS/CMA/CAL, etc.) ndi nambala ya seriyo;
2) Dzina ndi adilesi ya labotale, malo omwe mayesowo amachitikira (ngati amasiyana ndi adilesi ya labotale);ngati kuli kofunikira, perekani foni ya labotale, imelo, webusayiti, ndi zina zotero;
3) Chizindikiritso chapadera cha lipoti la mayeso (monga nambala ya lipoti) ndi chizindikiritso patsamba lililonse (nambala ya lipoti + tsamba # lamasamba #) kuwonetsetsa kuti tsambalo ndi gawo la lipoti loyesa, ndikuwonetsa kutha kwa chizindikiritso chomveka cha lipoti la mayeso;
4) Dzina ndi adilesi ya kasitomala (chipani chopereka, chipani choyang'aniridwa);
5) Kuzindikiritsa njira yogwiritsidwa ntchito (kuphatikizapo maziko a sampuli, kufufuza ndi chiweruzo) (chiwerengero cha nambala ndi dzina);
6) Kufotokozera, udindo (zatsopano ndi zakale za mankhwala, tsiku lopangira, etc.) ndi chizindikiritso chomveka (chiwerengero) cha zinthu zoyendera;
7) Tsiku lolandira zinthu zoyesedwa ndi tsiku lomwe mayeserowo adayesedwa, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti zitsimikizidwe ndikugwiritsa ntchito zotsatira;
8) kufotokoza kwa ndondomeko ya zitsanzo ndi ndondomeko zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi labotale kapena bungwe lina, monga momwe zilili ndi zovomerezeka kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zotsatira;
9) Zotsatira zoyesa, ngati zikuyenera, zokhala ndi magawo oyezera;
10) Dzina, mutu, siginecha kapena chizindikiritso chofanana cha munthu amene amavomereza lipoti la mayeso;
11) Pamene kuli koyenera, mawu oti zotsatira zake zimagwirizana ndi chinthu chomwe chikuyesedwa.Mafotokozedwe ofunikira, monga kuphatikizira zambiri zowonjezera zomwe kasitomala wapempha, mafotokozedwe owonjezera pazochitika zowunikira, njira kapena ziganizo (kuphatikiza zomwe zachotsedwa pagawo loyambirira la ntchito), ndi zina;
12) Ngati gawo la ntchito yoyendera likugwiritsidwa ntchito, zotsatira za gawoli ziyenera kudziwika bwino;
13) Chalk, kuphatikizapo: schematic chithunzi, chigawo chozungulira, pamapindikira, chithunzi, mndandanda wa zida kuyezetsa, etc.
3.Kupanga malipoti a mayeso
Mkhalidwe wa lipoti loyendera nthawi zambiri umasonyeza cholinga cha kuyendera, ndiko kuti, chifukwa chake kuyenderako kunachitika.Zoyendera zodziwika bwino zimaphatikizanso kuwunika koyang'anira, kuyang'anira, kuyang'anira ziphaso, kuyang'anira ziphaso zopanga, ndi zina zambiri. Kuyang'anira koyang'anira kumayang'aniridwa ndi omwe akuwatsogolera kuti athe kuweruza mtundu wa malonda;Kuyang'anira ndi kuyang'anira nthawi zambiri kumakonzedwa ndi mabungwe oyang'anira boma kuti aziwunika momwe zinthu zilili.Ndi kukhazikitsidwa;kuyang'anira ziphaso ndi kuwunika kwa ziphaso nthawi zambiri kumakhala kuwunika kochitidwa ndi wopempha kuti apeze satifiketi.
4. Kodi lipoti la mayeso a zitsanzo liyenera kukhala ndi chiyani?
Lipoti la kuyesa kwa sampuli liyenera kukhala ndi chidziwitso pagawo la zitsanzo, munthu wotengera zitsanzo, gulu loyimiridwa ndi zitsanzo, njira yoyeserera (mwachisawawa), kuchuluka kwa zitsanzo, ndi momwe amasindikizira.
Lipoti la mayeso liyenera kupereka dzina, mtundu, mawonekedwe, chizindikiro ndi zidziwitso zina zachitsanzocho, ndipo ngati kuli kofunikira, dzina la wopanga ndi kupanga (kukonza) ndi adilesi.
5. Kodi mungamvetse bwanji zambiri za maziko oyendera mu lipoti loyendera?
Lipoti lathunthu la mayeso liyenera kupereka milingo yazitsanzo, njira zoyesera, ndi ziweruzo za zotsatira zomwe mayeso omwe ali mu lipotili adatengera.Miyezo iyi ikhoza kukhazikika pamtundu umodzi wazinthu, kapena ikhoza kukhala yosiyana ndi mitundu yomwe ili pamwambayi.
6. Ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimayendera pazinthu wamba?
Zinthu zowunikira zinthu zonse zimaphatikizapo mawonekedwe, logo, magwiridwe antchito, komanso chitetezo.Ngati ndi kotheka, kusinthika kwachilengedwe, kulimba (kapena kuyesa kwa moyo) komanso kudalirika kwazinthu ziyeneranso kuphatikizidwa.
Nthawi zambiri, kuyendera konse kumachitika motsatira zomwe zafotokozedwa.Zizindikiro zofananira zaukadaulo ndi zofunikira nthawi zambiri zimatsatiridwa pagawo lililonse mumiyezo yomwe kuyenderako kumakhazikitsidwa.Zizindikirozi nthawi zambiri zimangopezeka pamiyeso ina yoyesera, pachinthu chimodzi pamiyeso yosiyana, zotsatira zosiyanasiyana zitha kupezeka, ndipo lipoti lathunthu la mayeso liyenera kupereka ziwonetsero pakuchita kulikonse komanso njira zoyeserera zofananira.Zomwe zimazindikirika kuti mumalize ma projekiti ogwirizana nthawi zambiri ndi: kutentha, chinyezi, phokoso lachilengedwe, mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi, magetsi oyesera kapena apano, ndi zida zogwiritsira ntchito zida (monga kuthamanga) zomwe zimakhudza magawo a polojekiti.
7.Kumvetsetsa zomwe zili muzotsatira za mayeso ndi zomaliza ndi matanthauzo ake?
Lipoti la mayeso liyenera kupereka zotsatira za mayeso omwe amalizidwa ndi labotale.Nthawi zambiri, zotsatira zoyeserera zimakhala ndi magawo oyeserera (dzina), gawo la muyeso womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito pazoyeserera, njira zoyesera ndi miyeso yoyeserera, zoyeserera ndi zotsatira za zitsanzo, ndi zina zambiri. Nthawi zina labotale imaperekanso deta. zofananira ndi magawo oyeserera ndi zigamulo zoyezera chinthu chimodzi molingana ndi zofunikira za makasitomala omwe amawaikira.kuwongolera kugwiritsa ntchito lipotilo.
Pamayeso ena, labotale imayenera kumaliza mayesowa.Momwe mungafotokozere zotsatira za mayeso ndi nkhani yosamala kwambiri ku labotale.Pofuna kufotokoza molondola komanso momveka bwino mathedwe a mayeso, zotsatira za lipoti la mayeso zoperekedwa ndi labotale zimatha kufotokozedwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana.Zomwe zimayendera zikuphatikiza: kuyenerera kwazinthu, cheke cha malo omwe ali oyenerera, zinthu zoyesedwa zoyenerera, zogwirizana ndi miyezo, ndi zina zotere. Wogwiritsa lipotilo ayenera kumvetsetsa bwino tanthauzo laziganizozi, apo ayi lipoti loyendera litha kugwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika.Mwachitsanzo, ngati zinthu zomwe zafufuzidwa zili zoyenerera, zimangotanthauza kuti zinthu zomwe zafufuzidwa mu lipoti zimakwaniritsa zofunikira, koma sizikutanthauza kuti mankhwala onse ndi oyenerera, chifukwa zinthu zina sizinayesedwe kwathunthu, choncho n'zosatheka. kuti aweruze ngati ali oyenerera kapena ayi.
8.Kodi pali malire a nthawi yovomerezeka ya "Product Quality Inspection Report"?
Malipoti oyendera khalidwe lazinthu nthawi zambiri alibe tsiku lotha ntchito.Komabe, wogwiritsa ntchito lipotilo atha kuweruza ngati lipoti lomwe wapeza lingavomerezedwebe ndikufotokozedwa molingana ndi chidziwitso monga moyo wa alumali ndi moyo wautumiki wa chinthucho.Kuyang'anira ndi kuyang'anira mwachisawawa dipatimenti yoyang'anira khalidwe nthawi zambiri kumakonzedwa kamodzi pachaka.Choncho, ndibwino kuti musavomereze lipoti loyang'anira ndi kuyang'anira lomwe likupitirira chaka chimodzi.Pamalipoti oyeserera omwe amaperekedwa, pali zizindikiro kapena malangizo pa lipotilo: "Okhawo omwe ali ndi zitsanzo", chifukwa chake, kudalirika kwa malipoti oyeserera kuyenera kukhala kotsika ndipo nthawi iyenera kukhala yayifupi.
9.Momwe mungatsimikizire zowona za lipoti loyang'anira khalidwe la mankhwala?
Kutsimikizika kwa lipoti loyang'anira khalidwe lazinthu kuyenera kufunsidwa ndi bungwe loyang'anira lomwe linapereka lipotilo.Pakadali pano, mabungwe akulu akulu owunikira akhazikitsa mawebusayiti, ndipo amapereka zidziwitso zamafunso kwa ogwiritsa ntchito pa intaneti.Komabe, chifukwa bungwe loyang'anira ntchito lili ndi udindo wosunga zinsinsi zamtundu wabizinesiyo, zomwe zimaperekedwa patsamba lino ndizochepa.
10. Momwe mungadziwire chizindikiro pa lipoti loyang'anira khalidwe la mankhwala?
CNAS (Laboratory National kuvomerezeka Mark) angagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi ma laboratories ovomerezeka ndi China National kuvomerezeka Service kwa Conformity Assessment malinga ndi CNAS kuvomerezeka malamulo ndi malangizo;CMA (Laboratory Qualification Accreditation Metrology Accreditation Mark) molingana ndi kuvomerezeka kwa labotale (chitsimikizo choyezera) Ma laboratories omwe adutsa kuwunika kovomerezeka angagwiritsidwe ntchito (lamulo loyezera limafuna: mabungwe onse owunikira omwe amapereka chidziwitso choyenera kwa anthu ayenera kupereka chiphaso choyezera, kotero lipoti loyesa lomwe lili ndi logo iyi liyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mayeso otsimikizira);
Kuphatikiza apo, bungwe lililonse loyang'anira limagwiritsanso ntchito chizindikiro chake pa lipotilo, makamaka mabungwe oyendera akunja ali ndi chizindikiritso chawo.
11. Kodi zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuchokera pakufunsira kuyendera mpaka kupeza lipoti loyendera?
Nthawi yomaliza yoyang'anira ntchito ndi lipoti zimatsimikiziridwa ndi kuchuluka kwa magawo owunikira omwe amatsimikiziridwa ndi miyezo yaukadaulo yomwe mankhwalawo amawunikiridwa komanso nthawi yoyendera gawo lililonse.Nthawi zambiri, ndi kuchuluka kwa nthawi yofunikira kuti mumalize magawo onse oyendera, kuphatikiza kukonzekera ndi kutulutsa malipoti oyendera.nthawi, kuchuluka kwa nthawi ziwirizi ndi nthawi yoyendera.Choncho, pamene zinthu zosiyanasiyana ndi mankhwala omwewo amawunikiridwa pazinthu zosiyanasiyana, nthawi yoyendera nthawi zonse imakhala yosiyana.Kuwunika kwazinthu zina kumangotenga masiku 1-2 kuti kumalize, pomwe kuwunika kwazinthu zina kumatenga mwezi umodzi kapena miyezi ingapo (ngati pali zinthu zoyendera zanthawi yayitali monga kuyesa moyo, kuyesa kukalamba, kuyesa kudalirika, ndi zina).(Mkonzi: Zinthu zoyesa pafupipafupi ndi pafupifupi masiku 5-10 ogwira ntchito.)
12.Kodi zifukwa zazikulu zomwe zimakhudza ubwino wa malipoti oyendera khalidwe la mankhwala ndi ziti?
Vuto limeneli ndi lalikulu ndithu, ndipo n’zovuta kulifotokoza m’masentensi osavuta.Malinga ndi momwe mabungwe amayendera, kasamalidwe ka labotale kamadalira zinthu zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimawongolera kuchuluka kwa malipoti oyendera.Zinthu izi zimachitika kudzera m'maulalo osiyanasiyana oyendera (kuvomereza bizinesi, kutengera zitsanzo, kukonzekera zitsanzo, kuyang'anira, kujambula ndi kuwerengera deta, komanso kupereka lipoti lazotsatira).Nthawi zambiri zimaganiziridwa kuti zinthu izi zikuphatikiza: ogwira ntchito, malo ndi momwe chilengedwe chimakhalira, zida, kutsata kuchuluka, njira zoyesera, sampuli ndi kasamalidwe ka zitsanzo zoyesa, kuwongolera zolemba ndi malipoti, etc.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-30-2022