Nānā VS Ho'āʻo
ʻO ka ʻike ʻana he hana ʻenehana e hoʻoholo ai i hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha nā hiʻohiʻona o kahi huahana i hāʻawi ʻia, kaʻina hana a lawelawe paha e like me ke kaʻina hana.ʻO ka ʻike ʻana paha ke kaʻina loiloi conformity maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia, ʻo ia ke kaʻina hana e hoʻoholo ai i nā huahana e kū i nā koi kikoʻī.ʻO ka nānā maʻamau e pili ana i ka nui, ka haku mele, ka loina uila, ka mechanical structure, etc. Hoʻokō ʻia ka hoʻāʻo ʻana e nā ʻano hui like ʻole, me nā keʻena aupuni, nā kula hoʻonaʻauao a me nā keʻena noiʻi, nā hui kalepa a me nā ʻoihana.
ʻO ka nānā ʻana e pili ana i ka loiloi conformity ma o ke ana, ka nānā ʻana, ka ʻike a i ʻole ke ana.Aia nā overlaps ma waena o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana a me ka nānā ʻana, a ke hana mau ʻia ia mau hana e ka hui like.ʻO ka nui o ka nānā ʻana ma muli o ka nānā ʻike maka, akā pili pū kekahi i ka ʻike, maʻamau me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hana maʻalahi, e like me nā ana.Lawe ʻia ka nānā ʻana e nā limahana i hoʻomaʻamaʻa nui ʻia e like me ka pahuhopu a me nā kaʻina hana maʻamau, a ʻo ka nānā maʻamau e hilinaʻi ʻia i ka hoʻoholo a me ka ʻike o ka mea nānā.
01
ʻO nā huaʻōlelo huikau loa
ISO 9000 VS ISO 9001
ʻAʻole pili ka ISO9000 i kahi maʻamau, akā he hui o nā kūlana.ʻO ka ʻohana ISO9000 o nā kūlana he manaʻo i hoʻopuka ʻia e ka International Organization for Standardization (ISO) ma 1994. E pili ana ia i nā kūlana honua i hoʻokumu ʻia e ISO / Tc176 (Ke Kōmike Kūʻai no ka Manaʻo Kūʻai a me ka Manaʻo Kūʻai o ka International Organization for Standardization).
ʻO ISO9001 kekahi o nā kūlana koʻikoʻi o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻokele maikaʻi i loko o ka ʻohana ISO9000 o nā kūlana.Hoʻohana ʻia ia e hōʻoia i ka hiki i ka hui ke hāʻawi i nā huahana e kū ana i nā koi o ka mea kūʻai aku a me nā koi hoʻoponopono kūpono, me ke kumu e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka ʻoluʻolu o ka mea kūʻai aku.Loaʻa iā ia nā kūlana koʻikoʻi ʻehā: ʻōnaehana hoʻokele maikaʻi - kumu a me nā huaʻōlelo, ʻōnaehana hoʻokele maikaʻi - nā koi, ʻōnaehana hoʻokele maikaʻi - alakaʻi hoʻomaikaʻi hana, a me ke alakaʻi loiloi ʻōnaehana hoʻokele kaiapuni.
Hōʻoia VS ʻike
ʻO ka palapala hōʻoia e pili ana i nā hana loiloi conformity kahi e hōʻoia ai ke kino hōʻoia e hoʻokō nā huahana, nā lawelawe a me nā ʻōnaehana hoʻokele i nā koi koi a i ʻole nā maʻamau o nā kikoʻī ʻenehana pili.
ʻO ka Accreditation e pili ana i nā hana loiloi hōʻoia i ʻike ʻia e ke kino accreditation no ka hiki a me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana o ke kino hōʻoia, kino inspection, laboratory a me nā limahana i hana i ka loiloi, loiloi a me nā hana hōʻoia ʻē aʻe.
CNAS VS CMA
CMA, pōkole no China Metrology Accreditation.ʻO ka Metrology Law of the People's Republic of China e kuhikuhi ana i ka ʻoihana nānā ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka huahana e hāʻawi ana i ka ʻikepili notarized no ka ʻaha kanaka e pono e hele i ka hōʻoia metrological, ka hoʻāʻo ʻana a me ka loiloi hilinaʻi e ka metrological administrative department o ke aupuni o ka poʻe ma luna a i ʻole ka pae panalāʻau.Kapa ʻia kēia loiloi he palapala hōʻoia metrological.
ʻO ka palapala hōʻoia Metrological kahi ʻano o ka loiloi koi ʻana o nā keʻena nānā (laboratories) e hoʻopuka ana i ka ʻikepili notarized no ka hui ma o ke kānāwai metrological ma Kina, hiki ke ʻōlelo ʻia ʻo ia ka ʻae ʻana i nā laboratories e ke aupuni me nā ʻano Kina.E hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻikepili i hāʻawi ʻia e ke keʻena nānā i ka maikaʻi o ka huahana i hala i ka palapala metrological no ka hōʻoia kālepa, ka loiloi ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka huahana a me ka loiloi hoʻokō e like me ka ʻikepili notarial a loaʻa ka hopena kānāwai.
CNAS: ʻO China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment (CNAS) he hale hoʻonaʻauao aupuni i hoʻokumu ʻia a ʻae ʻia e ka National Certification and Accreditation Administration Commission e like me nā ʻōlelo o nā Regulations of the People's Republic of China on Certification and Accreditation, nona ke kuleana. no ka ʻae ʻana o nā kino hōʻoia, nā hale hana, nā keʻena nānā a me nā ʻoihana e pili ana.
ʻO ka ʻae ʻana o ka Laboratory he manawaleʻa a me ke komo ʻana.ʻO ka maʻamau i hāpai ʻia e like me iso/iec17025:2005.Aia kahi ʻaelike hoʻomaopopo like i pūlima ʻia me ILAC a me nā hui hui hoʻonaʻauao ʻokoʻa honua ʻē aʻe no ka ʻike like ʻana.
Hoʻoponopono kūloko vs hoʻoponopono waho
ʻO ka loiloi kūloko ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka hoʻokele kūloko, hoʻoikaika i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka maikaʻi ma o ka lawe ʻana i nā hana hoʻoponopono a me ka pale ʻana i nā pilikia i loaʻa, ka loiloi kūloko o ka ʻoihana, ka loiloi ʻaoʻao mua, a ʻike i ke ʻano o ka holo ʻana o kāu ʻoihana.
ʻO ka loiloi waho e pili ana i ka loiloi o ka hui e ka hui hōʻoia, a ʻo ka loiloi ʻaoʻao ʻekolu e ʻike inā e holo ana ka ʻoihana e like me ka ʻōnaehana maʻamau, a inā hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia ka palapala hōʻoia.
02
ʻO nā huaʻōlelo hōʻoia i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia
1. Hale hōʻoia: e pili ana i ke keʻena i ʻae ʻia e ka mākaʻikaʻi a me ka ʻae ʻana a me ka ʻoihana hoʻokele o ka ʻAha Mokuʻāina, a ua loaʻa iā ia ke kanaka kānāwai e like me ke kānāwai, a hiki ke komo i nā hana hōʻoia i loko o ke ʻano o ka ʻae ʻia.
2. Hoʻoponopono: pili i ke kaʻina hana ʻōnaehana, kūʻokoʻa a i palapala ʻia no ka loaʻa ʻana o nā hōʻike hoʻokele a loiloi pono ʻia e hoʻoholo i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā pae hoʻoponopono.
3. Luna Hoʻoponopono: pili i ke kanaka nona ka mana e hoʻokō i ka loiloi.
4. ʻO ka mākaʻikaʻi hōʻoia kūloko a me ka ʻoihana hoʻokele e pili ana i ka nānā ʻana i ke komo ʻana a me ka quarantine hale i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka ʻoihana hoʻokele maikaʻi a me ka ʻenehana o ke aupuni o ka poʻe o ka panalāʻau, ka ʻāina ʻokoʻa a me ke kaona ma lalo o ke Aupuni Central a me ka nānā maikaʻi. ke keʻena nānā a me ka quarantine o ka ʻAha Mokuʻāina i ʻae ʻia e ka ʻoihana hoʻokō a me ka ʻoihana hoʻokele aupuni.
5. Palapala CCC: pili i ka palapala hōʻoia huahana koi.
6. Export file: e pili ana i ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana hoʻopiʻi olakino e ka Mokuʻāina no nā ʻoihana e hana ana i ka hana ʻana, ka hana ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i nā meaʻai i lawe ʻia aku (ma hope aku i kapa ʻia ʻo nā ʻoihana meaʻai hoʻopukapuka) e like me nā koi o ke Kānāwai Palekana Meaʻai. .ʻO ka National Certification and Accreditation Administration (ma hope aku i kapa ʻia ʻo ka Certification and Accreditation Administration) ke mālama nei i ka hana moʻolelo olakino o nā ʻoihana hana ʻai meaʻai.Pono nā ʻoihana a pau e hana, hoʻoponopono a mālama i nā meaʻai e hoʻokuʻu aku i waho o ka ʻāina o ka People's Republic of Kina e loaʻa i ka palapala hōʻoia olakino ma mua o ka hiki iā lākou ke hana, hana a mālama i ka meaʻai e hoʻokuʻu aku.
7. Manaʻo waho: e pili ana ma hope o ka hala ʻana o ka ʻoihana hana meaʻai e noi ana no ka hoʻopaʻa inoa olakino ʻē aʻe i ka nānā ʻana a me ka nānā ʻana o ka ʻoihana komo-puka a me ke keʻena kuʻuna ma kona mana, e waiho ka ʻoihana komo-puka a me ka quarantine bureau i ka ʻoihana. palapala noi no nā palapala hoʻopaʻa inoa olakino ʻē aʻe i ka National Certification and Accreditation Administration (ma hope mai i kapa ʻia ʻo ka Certification and Accreditation Administration), a e hōʻoia ka palapala hōʻoia a me ka ʻae ʻana i nā koi, ʻO ka CNCA (ma ka inoa o "National Certification and Manaʻo ʻia ʻo Accreditation Administration of the People's Republic of China") e ʻōlelo like i nā mana kūpono o nā ʻāina a i ʻole nā ʻāina kūpono.
8. ʻO ka hoʻopaʻa inoa lawe ʻia e pili ana i ka hoʻopuka ʻana a me ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā Kūlana e pili ana i ka hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻana a me ka hoʻokele ʻana i nā ʻoihana hana hana ʻē aʻe o nā meaʻai i lawe ʻia mai i ka makahiki 2002, e pili ana i ka hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻana a me ka hoʻokele ʻana o nā ʻoihana hana ʻē aʻe, ka hana ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana (i kapa ʻia ma hope nei ʻo ia. nā ʻoihana hana ʻē aʻe) e lawe ana i ka meaʻai i Kina.Pono nā mea hana haole e hoʻopuka ana i nā huahana ma ka Catalog i Kina e hoʻopaʻa inoa me ka National Certification and Accreditation Administration.ʻAʻole e lawe ʻia mai ka meaʻai a nā mea hana haole me ke kākau inoa ʻole.
9. HACCP: Nānā Hazard a me kahi Mana Mana Koʻikoʻi.ʻO HACCP ke kumu kumu e alakaʻi ana i nā ʻoihana meaʻai e hoʻokumu i kahi ʻōnaehana mālama palekana meaʻai, e koi ana i ka pale ʻana i nā pōʻino ma mua o ka hilinaʻi ʻana i ka nānā ʻana i nā huahana hope.ʻO ka ʻōnaehana mālama palekana meaʻai e pili ana i ka HACCP i kapa ʻia ʻo HACCP system.He ʻōnaehana ia no ka ʻike, loiloi a hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā pōʻino koʻikoʻi o ka palekana meaʻai.
10、 ʻO ka mahiʻai organik: e pili ana i "E like me kekahi mau kūlana hana mahiʻai organik, ʻaʻole mākou e hoʻohana i nā meaola a me kā lākou huahana i loaʻa e ka genetic engineering i ka hana ʻana, mai hoʻohana i nā pesticides synthetic synthetic, fertilizers, growth regulators, feed additives a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. hahai i nā kānāwai kūlohelohe a me nā loina kaiaola, hoʻonohonoho i ke kaulike ma waena o ke kanu ʻana a me ka iʻa iʻa, a hoʻopaʻa i kahi ʻano ʻenehana mahiʻai hoʻomau e mālama i kahi ʻōnaehana hana mahiʻai kūpaʻa a paʻa.Ua hoʻopuka ʻia ʻo Kina i ke kūlana aupuni o Organic Products (GB/T19630-2005).
11. ʻO ka hōʻoia huahana organik: e pili ana i nā hana a nā kino hōʻoia e loiloi i ka hana a me ka hana ʻana o nā huahana organik e like me ka Administrative Measures for Organic Product Certification (AQSIQ Decree [2004] No. 67) a me nā mea hōʻoia ʻē aʻe. e hōʻoia i ko lākou hoʻokō ʻana i nā kūlana ʻāina o Organic Products.
12. Nā huahana organik: e nānā i nā huahana i hana ʻia, hana ʻia a kūʻai ʻia e like me nā kūlana aupuni no nā huahana organik a hōʻoia ʻia e nā hui kānāwai.
13. Meaʻai ʻōmaʻomaʻo: pili i ka meaʻai i kanu ʻia, hoʻoulu ʻia, hoʻohana ʻia me ka mea kanu organik, a hana ʻia a hana ʻia ma lalo o ke kaiapuni maʻamau, ka ʻenehana hana, a me nā kūlana olakino me ka ʻole o nā mea make a me nā pesticides koena kiʻekiʻe ma lalo o nā kūlana pollution-free, a i hōʻoia ʻia e ka mana hōʻoia me ka lepili meaʻai ʻōmaʻomaʻo.(Hoʻokumu ʻia ka palapala hōʻoia ma ke kūlana ʻoihana o ka Ministry of Agriculture.)
14. Nā huahana mahiʻai non-pollution: e nānā i nā huahana mahiʻai ʻai ʻole ʻia a i hana mua ʻia nona ka ʻenehana hana, kaʻina hana a me ka maikaʻi o ka huahana e hoʻokō i nā koi o nā kūlana aupuni kūpono a me nā kikoʻī, ua hōʻoia ʻia e kūpono a loaʻa iā ia ka palapala hōʻoia. ʻae ʻia e hoʻohana i ka logo huahana mahiʻai pollution-free.
15. ʻO ka hōʻoia ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana mālama palekana meaʻai: pili i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kumu HACCP i ka ʻōnaehana holoʻokoʻa o ka ʻōnaehana mālama palekana meaʻai, e hoʻohui pū ana i nā koi kūpono o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻokele maikaʻi, a alakaʻi i ka hana, hōʻoia a me ka loiloi ka mālama ʻana i ka palekana meaʻai.Wahi a ka Implementation Rules for the Certification of Food Safety Management System, ke kino hōʻoia e hoʻokō i nā hana loiloi hōʻoia no nā ʻoihana hana meaʻai e like me GB / T22000 "Pūnaewele Hoʻokele Meaʻai - Pono no nā hui like ʻole i ka Food Chain" a me nā ʻano kūikawā like ʻole. nā koi ʻenehana, ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo ka ʻōnaehana mālama palekana meaʻai (FSMS certification for short).
16. GAP – Maikaʻi Mahiʻai Maikaʻi: E pili ana ia i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻike mahiʻai hou e hoʻoponopono ʻepekema i nā ʻano āpau o ka hana mahiʻai, a me ka paipai ʻana i ka hoʻomohala mau ʻana o ka mahiʻai me ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka maikaʻi a me ka palekana o nā huahana mahiʻai.
17. Hana Hana Hana Maikaʻi: (GMP-Good Manufacturing Practice): E pili ana i kahi ʻōnaehana hoʻokele waiwai piha e loaʻa ai ka maikaʻi i manaʻo ʻia o nā huahana ma o ka wehewehe ʻana i nā kūlana hardware (e like me nā hale hale hana, nā lako, nā lako a me nā mea hana) a me nā koi hoʻokele ( e like me ka hana ʻana a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana, ka hoʻopili ʻana, ka hale kūʻai, ka hāʻawi ʻana, ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe limahana a me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.ʻO nā mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma GMP nā kūlana maʻamau e pono ai nā ʻoihana hoʻomaʻamaʻa meaʻai, a me nā mea e pono ai no ka hoʻomohala ʻana a me ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā ʻōnaehana palekana a me nā ʻōnaehana hoʻokele maikaʻi.
18. Green market palapala hōʻoia: pili i ka loiloi a me ka hōʻoia 'ana o ka wholesale a me ka hale kūʻai makeke kaiapuni, lako (mālama 'ana hōʻike, 'ike, ka hana ana) e komo mai ana i ka maikaʻi koi a me ka hooponopono ana, a me ka commodity malama ana, ka mālamaʻana, hoʻopalekana, hoʻomaʻemaʻe hooponopono, ma ka paena meaʻai. ka hana ʻana, ka hōʻaiʻē makeke a me nā keʻena lawelawe a me nā kaʻina hana.
19. Ka pono o na laboratories and inspection institutions: pili i na kulana a me na mea hiki i na laboratories and inspection institutions e hoolako ana i ka ikepili a me ka hopena i hiki ke hooiaio i ka hui.
20. Accreditation o laboratories and inspection institutions: e pili ana i ka loiloi a me ka ike ana i na hana i hanaia e ka National Certification and Accreditation Administration a me ka maikai a me ka 'ike loea o na aupuni o na kanaka o na panalaau, autonomous māhele 'āina a me na municipal pono ma lalo o ke Aupuni Central ma ʻO nā kūlana kumu a me nā hiki o nā laboratories a me nā keʻena nānā e hoʻokō me nā kānāwai, nā hoʻoponopono hoʻokele a me nā kikoʻī ʻenehana kūpono a i ʻole nā kūlana.
21. ʻO ka palapala hōʻoia Metrological: E pili ana i ka loiloi o ka hōʻoia metrological, ka hana hana o nā mea hoʻāʻo, ka ʻenehana hana a me nā mākau hana o nā limahana, a me ka hiki o ka ʻōnaehana maikaʻi e hōʻoia i nā helu kaulike a pololei. ʻO nā keʻena nānā i ka maikaʻi o ka huahana e hāʻawi i ka ʻikepili kūpono i ka hui e ka National Accreditation Administration a me nā keʻena nānā i ka maikaʻi kūloko e like me nā ʻōlelo o nā kānāwai kūpono a me nā hoʻoponopono hoʻokele, a me ka hiki o ka ʻōnaehana maikaʻi e hōʻoia i ka hoʻāʻo kūpono a hilinaʻi. ʻikepili.
22. Nānā a ʻae ʻia (ʻae): pili i ka loiloi o ka hiki ke nānā a me ka ʻōnaehana maikaʻi o nā keʻena nānā e hana i ka hana nānā inā kūpono nā huahana i nā kūlana a me ka nānā ʻana a me ka hana nānā ʻana o nā kūlana ʻē aʻe e ka National Accreditation Administration a me nā keʻena nānā pono kūloko e like me nā ʻōlelo o nā kānāwai kūpono a me nā hoʻoponopono hoʻokele.
23. Ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka hiki ke hoʻokolohua: E pili ana i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka hiki ke hoʻāʻo ʻia ma ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana ma waena o nā laboratories.
24. ʻaelike hoʻomaopopo like (MRA): pili i ka ʻaelike hoʻomaopopo like i pūlima ʻia e nā aupuni a i ʻole nā keʻena loiloi conformity ma nā hopena loiloi conformity a me ka ʻae ʻana i nā hopena loiloi conformity o nā keʻena loiloi conformity kikoʻī i loko o ke ʻano o ka ʻaelike.
03
ʻO nā huaʻōlelo e pili ana i ka hōʻoia huahana a me ka hui
1. Ka mea noi / palapala hōʻoia: ʻo nā ʻano hui āpau i hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia me ka ʻoihana hoʻokele no ka ʻoihana a me ke kālepa a loaʻa i nā laikini ʻoihana e like me ke kānāwai, me nā ʻano hui āpau me ke ʻano kānāwai, a me nā hui ʻē aʻe i hoʻokumu ʻia ma ke kānāwai, aia kekahi mau hui. nā hale a me nā waiwai, akā ʻaʻohe ona ʻano kānāwai, e like me nā ʻoihana hoʻokahi, nā ʻoihana hui, nā hui hui like ʻole, nā ʻoihana hui Kina-haole, nā ʻoihana hana a me nā ʻoihana kālā ʻē aʻe me ka ʻole o ke kānāwai, nā lālā i hoʻokumu ʻia a laikini ʻia e nā poʻe kānāwai. a me nā ʻoihana pākahi.Nānā: Ua lilo ka mea noi i laikini ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka palapala.
2. Manufacturer/product producer: he hui kanaka kū kānāwai i hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha nā wahi paʻa nāna e hoʻokō a hoʻomalu i ka hoʻolālā, hana, loiloi, mālama ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i nā huahana, i hiki iā ia ke kuleana no ka hoʻomau mau ʻana o nā huahana me nā mea kūpono. pono, a lawe i ke kuleana piha ma ia mau mea.
3. Mea hana (pae hana) / ʻoihana hana i hāʻawi ʻia: kahi kahi i hoʻokō ʻia ai ka hui hope a / a i ʻole ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o nā huahana i hōʻoia ʻia, a hoʻohana ʻia nā hōʻailona hōʻoia a me nā keʻena hōʻoia e hoʻokō i nā lawelawe ʻimi no lākou.'Ōlelo Aʻo: Ma ka laulā, ʻo ka mea hana ka wahi no ka hui hope ʻana, ka nānā maʻamau, ka nānā ʻana i ka hōʻoia (inā loaʻa), ka hoʻopili ʻana, a me ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka papa inoa huahana a me ka hōʻailona hōʻoia.Inā ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻopau ʻia nā kaʻina hana o nā huahana ma kahi hoʻokahi, e koho ʻia kahi wahi piha me ka liʻiliʻi loa, ka nānā ʻana i ka hōʻoia (inā loaʻa), ka inoa inoa huahana a me ka hōʻailona hōʻoia e koho ʻia no ka nānā ʻana, a me ke kuleana e nānā hou aku ma nā wahi ʻē aʻe. mālama ʻia.
4. OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer) mea hana: he mea hana e hana ana i na huahana i hooiaioia e like me ka manao, ka hooponopono ana i ka hana a me na koi nana i haawiia e ka mea kuai.Nānā: Hiki i ka mea kūʻai ke lilo i mea noi a mea hana paha.Hoʻopuka ka mea hana OEM i nā huahana i hōʻoia ʻia ma lalo o nā mea hana o ka mea hana OEM e like me ka hoʻolālā, ka mana kaʻina hana a me nā koi nānā i hāʻawi ʻia e ka mea kūʻai.Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā hōʻailona o nā mea noi/mea hana like ʻole.E nānā ʻokoʻa ʻia nā mea kūʻai aku a me nā OEM.ʻAʻole e nānā pinepine ʻia nā ʻōnaehana ʻōnaehana, akā ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia ke kaʻina hana hana a me nā koi o ka nānā ʻana i nā huahana a me ka nānā ʻana o ka huahana.
5. ʻO ODM (Original Design Manufacturer) mea hana: he hale hana e hoʻolālā, hana a hana i nā huahana like no hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha nā mea hana ma o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā koi o ka mana hōʻoia maikaʻi like, ka hoʻolālā huahana like, ka mana kaʻina hana a me nā koi nānā.
6. ODM mea paʻa palapala hōʻoia mua: ʻo ka hui e paʻa ana i ka palapala hōʻoia huahana mua o ka huahana ODM.1.7 ʻO ka hui e hāʻawi ai ka mea hoʻolako i nā ʻāpana, nā ʻāpana a me nā mea maka no ka mea hana e hana i nā huahana i hōʻoia ʻia.'Ōlelo Aʻo: Ke noi nei no ka palapala hōʻoia, inā he kālepa/mea kūʻai aku ka mea kūʻai aku, pono e kuhikuhi ʻia ka mea hana a mea hana paha o nā ʻāpana, nā ʻāpana a me nā mea maka.
04
ʻO nā huaʻōlelo e pili ana i ka hōʻoia huahana a me ka hui
1. Noi hou: ʻo nā noi hōʻoia a pau koe wale nō ka noi hoʻololi a me ka noi loiloi he mau noi hou.
2. Ke noi hoʻonui: ua loaʻa mua i ka mea noi, ka mea hana a me ka mea hana i ka hōʻoia o nā huahana, a me ka noi no ka hōʻoia ʻana i nā huahana hou o ke ʻano like.'Ōlelo Aʻo: E pili ana nā huahana like i nā huahana i loko o ke kiko o ka code wehewehe ʻoihana like.
3. Ke noi hoʻonui: ua loaʻa mua i ka mea noi, ka mea hana a me ka mea hana i ka hōʻoia o nā huahana, a me ka noi no ka hōʻoia ʻana i nā huahana hou o nā ʻano like ʻole.Nānā: ʻO nā ʻano huahana like ʻole e pili ana i nā huahana i loko o ke ʻano o nā code hale hana like ʻole.
4. ODM mode noi: noi ma ODM mode.ʻO ke ʻano ODM, ʻo ia hoʻi, hoʻolālā nā mea hana ODM, hana a hana i nā huahana no nā mea hana e like me nā ʻaelike pili a me nā palapala ʻē aʻe.
5. Hoʻololi i ka noi: ka noi i hana ʻia e ka mea paʻa no ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka ʻike palapala hōʻoia, ka hui ʻana a me ka pili ʻana paha i ka kūlike o ka huahana.
6. Noi no ka ho'āʻo hou: ma mua o ka pau ʻana o ka palapala hōʻoia, inā pono e hoʻomau ka mea paʻa i ka palapala, e noi hou ʻo ia no ka huahana me ka palapala hōʻoia.Hoʻomaopopo: E waiho ʻia ka palapala noi no ka nānā hou ʻana ma mua o ka pau ʻana o ka palapala, a e hoʻopuka ʻia kahi palapala hou ma mua o ka pau ʻana o ka palapala hōʻoia, i ʻole e manaʻo ʻia he palapala noi hou.
7. Ka nānā 'ana i ka hale hana ma'amau: ma muli o ka lō'ihi o ka nānā 'ana a i 'ole nā kumu 'ē a'e, ua noi ka 'oihana a ua 'ae 'ia e ka mana hō'oia, akā, 'a'ole i pau ka ho'ā'o kūhelu o ka huahana no ka hō'oia 'ana.
05
ʻŌlelo pili i ka hoʻāʻo
1. Nānā huahana / ʻano huahana ho'āʻo: ʻike ʻia ka huahana i ka loulou i ka ʻōnaehana hōʻoia huahana e hoʻoholo i nā ʻano huahana ma o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana, me nā koi hāpana a me nā koi loiloi hoʻāʻo.ʻO ka hoʻāʻo ʻano huahana e hōʻoia i ka hoʻokō ʻana o ka huahana i nā koi āpau o nā kūlana huahana.ʻO ka nānā ʻana o ka huahana e pili ana i ka hoʻāʻo ʻano huahana;Ma kahi ʻano haʻahaʻa, ʻo ka nānā ʻana i ka huahana e pili ana i ka hoʻāʻo i hana ʻia e like me kekahi mau hōʻailona o nā kūlana huahana a i ʻole nā ʻano kūlana huahana.I kēia manawa, ua wehewehe ʻia nā hoʻokolohua e pili ana i nā kūlana palekana huahana e like me nā hōʻike ʻano huahana.
2. Nānā maʻamau / nānā kaʻina hana: ʻO ka nānā maʻamau he 100% ka nānā ʻana o nā huahana ma ka laina hana i ka pae hope o ka hana.ʻO ka maʻamau, ma hope o ka nānā ʻana, ʻaʻohe hana hou e koi ʻia koe wale no ka hoʻopili ʻana a me ka lepili.Nānā: Hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia ka nānā maʻamau e ke ʻano like a me ka wikiwiki i hoʻoholo ʻia ma hope o ka hōʻoia ʻana.
ʻO ka nānā ʻana i ke kaʻina hana e pili ana i ka nānā ʻana i ka ʻatikala mua, huahana semi-finished a i ʻole kaʻina hana nui i ka hana hana, hiki ke 100% nānā a i ʻole ka nānā ʻana i ka laʻana.Hoʻohana ʻia ka nānā ʻana i ke kaʻina hana i nā huahana hoʻoili waiwai, a hoʻohana ʻia ka huaʻōlelo "inspection process" i nā kūlana kūpono.
3. Nānā hōʻoia / hoʻounaʻana:ʻo ka hōʻoia hōʻoia he hōʻailona hōʻoia e hōʻoia i ka hoʻomauʻana o ka huahana i nā koi o ke kūlana.E hoʻokō ʻia ka hōʻoia hōʻoia e like me nā ʻano i kuhikuhi ʻia i ka maʻamau.'Ōlelo Aʻo: Inā ʻaʻohe mea hoʻāʻo o ka mea hana, hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia ka nānā hōʻoia i kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua kūpono.
ʻO ka nānā ʻana o Ex-factory ka nānā hope loa o nā huahana ke haʻalele lākou i ka hale hana.Hoʻopili ʻia ka nānā ʻana i ka lawe ʻana i nā huahana hoʻoili waiwai.Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka huaʻōlelo "delivery inspection" i nā kūlana kūpono.Pono e hoʻopau ka nānā ʻana i ka lawe ʻana e ka hale hana.
4. ʻO ka hoʻāʻo i koho ʻia: ka hoʻāʻo i hana ʻia e ka mea hana ma ke kahua hana e like me nā mea i koho ʻia e ka mea nānā e like me nā kūlana (a i ʻole nā lula hōʻoia) i mea e loiloi ai i ka kūlike o ka huahana.
06
Nā huaʻōlelo pili i ka nānā ʻana i ka hale hana
1. Nānā hale hana: ʻo ka nānā ʻana i ka hiki ke hōʻoia maikaʻi o ka hale hana a me ka conformity o nā huahana i hōʻoia ʻia.
2. ʻO ka nānā mua ʻana o ka hale hana: ka nānā ʻana i ka hale hana o ka mea hana e noi ana i ka palapala hōʻoia ma mua o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka palapala.
3. Ka nānā ʻana a me ka nānā ʻana ma hope o ka hōʻoia ʻana: I mea e hōʻoia ai i ka hoʻokō ʻana o nā huahana i hōʻoia ʻia e hoʻokō i nā koi hōʻoia, hana ʻia ka nānā ʻana o ka hale hana maʻamau a i ʻole nā mea hana maʻamau, a ʻo ka mākaʻikaʻi a me ka nānā ʻana e hoʻokō pinepine i ka nānā ʻana i nā hana nānā ʻana i ka hale hana ma ka manawa like.
4. Nānā maʻamau a me ka nānāʻana: ka nānāʻana a me ka nānāʻana ma hope o ka hōʻoiaʻana e like me ke kaʻina o ka nānāʻana i'ōleloʻia ma nā rula hōʻoia.ʻO ka mea maʻamau i kapa ʻia ʻo ka nānā ʻana a me ka nānā ʻana.Hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia ka nānā ʻana me ka ʻole o ka hoʻolaha mua.
5. Nānā lele: he ʻano o ka mākaʻikaʻi maʻamau a me ka nānā ʻana, ʻo ia ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i kahi hui nānā e hōʻea pololei i kahi kahua hana e like me nā lula kūpono me ka ʻole o ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka mea laikini / mea hana ma mua e hoʻokō i ka nānā ʻana a me ka nānā ʻana a me / a i ʻole ka hale hana. ka nānā ʻana a me ka laʻana ma ka ʻoihana laikini.
6. ʻO ka nānā kūikawā a me ka nānāʻana: kahiʻano o ka nānāʻana a me ka nānāʻana ma hope o ka hōʻoiaʻana,ʻo ia hoʻi ka hoʻonuiʻana i ka pinepine o ka nānā a me ka nānāʻana a / a iʻole ka nānāʻana i ka hale hana a me ka laʻana no ka mea hana e like me nā kānāwai hōʻoia.Nānā: ʻAʻole hiki i ka nānā kūikawā a me ka nānā ʻana ke pani i ka nānā maʻamau a me ka nānā ʻana.
07
ʻŌlelo pili i ka loiloi conformity
1. Ka loiloi: ka nānā ʻana / nānā ʻana i nā huahana i hōʻoia ʻia, ka loiloi ʻana i ka hiki ke hōʻoia maikaʻi o ka mea hana a me ka nānā ʻana i ke kūlike o ka huahana e like me nā koi o nā lula hōʻoia.
2. Hoʻoponopono: ma mua o ka hoʻoholo hōʻoia, e hōʻoia i ka piha, ka ʻoiaʻiʻo a me ka conformity o ka ʻike i hāʻawi ʻia no ka noi hōʻoia huahana, nā hana loiloi a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana, hoʻopau, kāpae a me ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka palapala hōʻoia.
3. Hoʻoholo i ka palapala hōʻoia: e hoʻoholo i ka pono o nā hana hōʻoia, a e hoʻoholo i ka hoʻoholo hope loa no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka palapala hōʻoia a inā paha e ʻae, mālama, hoʻokuʻu, kāpae, hoʻopau a hoʻihoʻi i ka palapala.
4. ʻO ka loiloi mua: ʻo ka ʻāpana o ka hoʻoholo hōʻoia ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka piha, conformity a me ka pono o ka ʻike i hāʻawi ʻia ma ka pae hope o ka hana loiloi hōʻoia huahana.
5. Hoʻoponopono hou: ʻo ka ʻāpana o ka hoʻoholo hōʻoia e hoʻoholo i ka pono o nā hana hōʻoia a hoʻoholo i ka hoʻoholo hope loa no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka palapala hōʻoia a inā paha e ʻae, mālama, hoʻokuʻu, hoʻopau, hoʻopau a hoʻihoʻi i ka palapala.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Mar-17-2023