Umphathiswa waseIndiya weekhemikhali kunye nezichumisi uyalele ukuphunyezwa kwe-Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) yokulawula umgangatho we-polypropylene (PP) kunye ne-polyvinyl chloride (PVC) ephuma e-Indiya, ukususela ngo-25 Agasti kulo nyaka.
Isebe lenze esi sibhengezo kwigazethi yesizwe, kodwa ayizange yothuse uninzi lwabathathi-nxaxheba kwimarike, njengoko iSebe leMichiza kunye nePetrochemicals laseIndiya licebise ukunyanzeliswa kweemfuno zomgangatho weBIS ngo-Agasti ka-2023, ngokutsho kwamaxwebhu asuka kuMbutho woRhwebo weHlabathi. (WTO).
I-Indiya inyanzelise ukuphunyezwa kokulawulwa komgangatho we-BIS kwi-polyethylene (PE) kwinyanga ephelileyo, kunye nokuxolelwa okuthile kumabakala athile.
Abavelisi abakhulu bePVC eMzantsi Korea naseTaiwan, eChina, ekwavelisa i-PE, balindele ukubekwa okutsha phambi kwesibhengezo, kubashukumisela ukuba bafake isicelo sesiqinisekiso se-BIS se-PVC ngelixa kwangaxeshanye befumana isatifikethi se-BIS se-PE kulo nyaka uphelileyo.
Abavelisi bePP abavela eSaudi Arabia, eSouth Korea naseRussia nabo bafake izicelo zeelayisensi ze-BIS zePP ngaxeshanye ne-PE.Umvelisi wePP waseVietnam ufake isicelo selayisensi ye-BIS ngaphambi kwesibhengezo.Kodwa ayivelisi i-PE.
Ngaba iChina-imvelaphi yePP, ukungenisa kwePVC kuyaqhubeka?
Ukwandiswa okukhulu kwi-PP yaseTshayina kunye ne-PVC yokuvelisa amandla kuye kwabangela ukuba ilizwe libe ngumthumeli ngaphandle kwe-PP kunye ne-PVC.I-China iye yaba ngumthumeli we-PVC ngaphandle ngo-2021 kwaye yafumana ukuzimela kwe-PP ye-92pc ngo-2023.
Ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kumazwe angaphandle kuye kwaba ngundoqo ekufunxeni imveliso eyongezelelweyo e-China kunye nokulinganisa kwakhona imarike, kunye ne-Indiya ibe yeyona ndawo iphambili ye-PP yaseTshayina kunye ne-PVC.
I-Indiya yayiyeyona ndawo iphezulu yokumisa i-PVC (s-PVC) yaseTshayina ngoJanuwari-Novemba ka-2023, kunye ne-1.01mn t eshiya unxweme lwaseTshayina ukuya eIndiya, ngokwedatha yeGTT yamva nje.Oku kubalela phantse isiqingatha se-s-PVC ye-PVC epheleleyo yaseTshayina malunga ne-2.1mn t ngoJanuwari-Novemba ka-2023.
I-China yayiyeyona ndawo iphezulu yaseIndiya yokungeniswa kwempahla ye-s-PVC, yenza i-34pc ye-India epheleleyo ye-2.27mn t ngaphezu kukaJanuwari-Novemba ka-2023. Oku kuye kwaqhubeka kakhulu ngo-2024, xa ukunikezelwa kwe-China kukhuphisana ngeendleko xa kuthelekiswa nezo. yezinye imvelaphi yasemntla-mpuma yeAsia kunye neyomzantsi-mpuma weAsia.
Kodwa la mandla awaphindanga waphinda-phinda kwi-PP yaseTshayina evela eIndiya.Ukuthengwa kwempahla yase-Indiya ye-PP yemvelaphi yaseTshayina ibekwe kwindawo yesi-7 ngokobuninzi, ibala nje i-4pc ye-1.63mn t ye-PP engeniswe phakathi kukaJanuwari-Novemba ka-2023.
Kusenokwenzeka ukuba i-PP yaseTshayina kunye nabavelisi bePVC bafake isicelo sesiqinisekiso se-BIS ukuze baqhubeke nokuthumela ngaphandle eIndiya, kodwa abathengi baseIndiya banenkxalabo yokuba iilayisensi zabo aziyi kunikwa.Abavelisi ababini abakhulu baseTshayina be-PE bafake izicelo zoqinisekiso lwe-BIS kodwa abakawafumani amaphepha-mvume abo, ngokungafaniyo nabanye abavelisi bamazwe angaphandle.Iindlela ezifanayo ziye zabonwa kwezinye iimarike zorhwebo, kunye nabavelisi baseTshayina abakwazanga ukufumana iilayisensi ze-BIS nangona befake izicelo, ngokutsho kwabathathi-nxaxheba kwimarike yaseIndiya.
Abanye abathathi-nxaxheba beemarike bavakalelwa kukuba impembelelo iya kuba nzima kwi-PVC njengoko i-China iyeyona mvelaphi ephezulu yokungenisa abathengi baseIndiya.Isebe lezoRhwebo laseIndiya ngoMeyi ophelileyo licebise izithintelo zekota ekungenweni kwePVC kumazwe angaphandle kwimpahla enomxholo oshiyekileyo wevinyl chloride monomer odlula iinxalenye ezi-2 ngesigidi (ppm), ngokunokwenzeka ukuba ubambezele ukuthengiswa kwePVC esekwe kwiCarbide yaseTshayina eIndiya.Izindululo zomphathiswa kusafuneka ziphunyezwe, abanye abathathi-nxaxheba kwimarike balindele ukuba amanyathelo anjalo anxibelelane nolawulo lomgangatho we-BIS kwi-PVC.
Amanyathelo anjalo ngokuqinisekileyo anokuba yingozi kunikezelo lwePVC yaseTshayina ukuya eIndiya, okunokubakho ukulibazisa utyalo-mali olongezelelekileyo kubuchule bemveliso njengoko imfuno yehlabathi ihlala inqabile.
Ukungeniswa kwe-US-imvelaphi kungathatha ukubetha
Uninzi lwabavelisi abakhulu be-PE kwihlabathi jikelele banomdla wokufumana iilayisensi ze-BIS ukwenza imali ngokunyuka okubukhali kwemfuno yaseIndiya ngenxa yokukhula okukhulu kweziseko zophuhliso.Eyona nto ikhethekileyo ngabavelisi baseMntla Melika.
Inxalenye yenkqubo yoqinisekiso lwe-BIS ifuna ukuba amagosa aseIndiya enze uhlolo lweplanti kwindawo ukuze aqinisekise ukuba inkqubo yokuvelisa iyahambelana neemfuno zeBIS.Abavelisi abaninzi baseMntla Melika be-PE bayayichasa le nto ngenxa yenkxalabo yokuba inokubeka esichengeni iipropathi zobukrelekrele ezinxulumene neenkqubo zabo zemveliso yobunini.Iinkxalabo ezifanayo ziye zavela kwi-PP kunye ne-PVC.
I-Indiya yayiyeyona ndawo iphezulu yokuthumela ngaphandle kwe-PVC e-US ngoNovemba nangoDisemba ka-2023, eyanceda ukulungelelanisa idiphu kwimfuno yePVC yehlabathi.Ukuthengwa kwempahla evela e-India kwempahla evela e-US phantse kuphindwe kabini kunoko waseKhanada kuDisemba ophelileyo.
I-US ikwadlala indima enkulu kwi-PP kunye ne-PVC yaseIndiya imakethi.Imithwalo yase-US-imvelaphi ye-s-PVC ibekwe kwindawo yesi-5 ngobuninzi ngoJanuwari-Novemba ka-2023, yenza i-10pc ye-2.27mn t engeniswe ngaphandle.Kwi-PP, i-US yabekwa kwindawo yesi-7 ngexesha elifanayo, yenza i-2pc ye-1.63mn t e-Indiya engeniswe ngaphandle.
Ukuba abavelisi base-US abafumani isatifikethi se-BIS se-PP kunye ne-PVC, banokuphulukana nesabelo semarike e-Indiya kwaye banokukhangela iimeko ezinokuthi zenzeke kulwabiwo lokuthumela ngaphandle xa imfuno yehlabathi ithambe.
China's-PVC ezithunyelwa ngaphandle Jan-Nov '23 t
I-India's-PVC ingenisa uJan-Nov '23 t
I-India PP ingenisa uJan-Nov '23 t
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-08-2024