Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi insimbi engagqwali iyinsimbi engeke igle futhi imelana ne-asidi ne-alkali.Kodwa ekuphileni kwansuku zonke, abantu bathola ukuthi amabhodwe ensimbi engagqwali namaketela kagesi asetshenziselwa ukupheka ngokuvamile anezindawo zokugqwala noma izindawo zokugqwala.Kwenzekani ngempela?
Ake siqale siqonde, iyini insimbi engagqwali?
Ngokwezinga likazwelonke le-GB/T20878-2007 "Amabanga Ensimbi Engagqwali Nezinsimbi Ezingamelana Nokushisa Nokwakhiwa Kwamakhemikhali", incazelo yensimbi engagqwali ithi: insimbi engagqwali kanye nokumelana nokugqwala njengezici eziyinhloko, ezinokuqukethwe kwe-chromium okungenani okungu-10.5% kanye nekhabhoni engaba ngaphezu kuka-1.2%.insimbi.Izinhlobo ezimelana nemidiya yokubola kwamakhemikhali (i-asidi, i-alkali, usawoti, njll.) zibizwa ngensimbi engamelana ne-asidi.
Pho kungani insimbi engagqwali imelana nokugqwala?
Ngoba insimbi engagqwali, ngemva kokwakhiwa, izongena ekukhetheni okubanzi kanye ne-passivation ukuze isuse zonke izinhlobo zamafutha, ukugqwala nokunye ukungcola phezulu.Indawo engaphezulu izoba yisiliva efanayo, yenze ifilimu ehambisanayo neminyene ye-passivation, ngaleyo ndlela inciphise ukumelana kwensimbi engagqwali emithonjeni ye-oxidizing.Izinga lokugqwala elimaphakathi nokumelana nokugqwala okuthuthukisiwe.
Ngakho-ke ngefilimu enjalo yokuzijabulisa ensimbi engagqwali, ngeke yini igxume?
Eqinisweni, ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke, ama-ion e-chloride kusawoti anomphumela olimazayo efilimini yensimbi engagqwali, engase ibangele ukuna kwezakhi zensimbi.
Njengamanje, ngokwengqondo, kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokulimala kwefilimu ye-passivation ebangelwa ion chlorine:
1. Ithiyori yefilimu yesigaba: Ama-ion e-chloride ane-radius encane nekhono elinamandla lokungena.Bangakwazi ukungena kalula izikhala ezincane kakhulu efilimu ye-oxide, bafinyelele indawo yensimbi, futhi bahlanganyele nensimbi ukuze benze ama-soluble compounds, ashintsha isakhiwo sefilimu ye-oxide.
2. Ithiyori ye-Adsorption: Ama-ion e-chloride anekhono eliqinile lokukhangiswa yizinsimbi.Zingakhangiswa ngezinsimbi ngokukhethayo futhi zikhiphe umoya-mpilo endaweni yensimbi.Ama-ion e-chloride nama-ion oksijini ancintisana ngamaphoyinti okukhangisa endaweni yensimbi bese enza i-chloride ngensimbi;I-adsorption ye-chloride nensimbi ayizinzile, yenza izinto ezincibilikayo, okuholela ekugqwaleni okusheshayo.
Ukuhlola insimbi engagqwali:
Ukuhlolwa kwensimbi engagqwali kuhlukaniswe izivivinyo eziyisithupha zokusebenza kanye namaphrojekthi amabili wokuhlaziya
Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza:
Izakhiwo zomzimba, izakhiwo zamakhemikhali, izakhiwo zemishini, ukusetshenzwa, ukuhlolwa kwe-metallographic nokuhlola okungabhubhisi
Iphrojekthi yokuhlaziya:
Ukuhlaziywa kokuqhekeka, ukuhlaziywa kokugqwala, njll.;
Ngaphezu kwamazinga asetshenziswa ukuhlukanisa i-GB/T20878-2007 "Amabanga Ensimbi Engagqwali Nensimbi Engangeni Ukushisa Nokwakhiwa Kwamakhemikhali", kukhona futhi:
I-GB/T 13305
I-GB/T 13671
I-GB/T 19228.1, GB/T 19228.2, GB/T 19228.3
I-GB/T 20878 Insimbi engagqwali kanye namamaki ensimbi amelana nokushisa kanye nokwakheka kwamakhemikhali
Izinga likazwelonke lokuhlolwa kwensimbi engagqwali yezinga lokudla yi-GB9684-2011 (imikhiqizo yensimbi engagqwali).Ukuhlolwa kwensimbi engagqwali yezinga lokudla kuhlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbili: izinto eziyinhloko nezinto ezingezona eziyinhloko.
Isebenza kanjani:
1. Ukumaka: Ukuhlola insimbi engagqwali kudinga ukumaka iziphetho zezinto zokuhlola ngopende wemibala ehlukene.
2. Ukuphrinta: Indlela yokudweba isifutho ezingxenyeni (emikhawulweni, ekugcineni kobuso) eshiwo ekuhlolweni, ekhombisa izinga, izinga, ukucaciswa, njll. kwento.
3. Ithegi: Ngemva kokuqedwa kokuhlolwa, okokusebenza kuzofakwa kunqwaba, amabhokisi, namashafti ukuze kuboniswe izinga, usayizi, isisindo, inombolo evamile, umphakeli, njll.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-27-2023