Indlela yokulinganisa ukushwabana kwelaphu

01. Yintoni ukushwabana

Ilaphu liyi-fibrous fabric, kwaye emva kokuba iifayili ngokwazo zithatha amanzi, ziya kuba neqondo elithile lokuvuvukala, oko kukuthi, ukunciphisa ubude kunye nokunyuka kobubanzi.Umehluko wepesenti phakathi kobude belaphu ngaphambi nangemva kokuntywiliselwa emanzini kunye nobude bawo bokuqala budla ngokubizwa ngokuba yireyithi yokuncipha.Okukhona amandla okufunxa amanzi anamandla, kokukhona ukudumba kuqatha, kokukhona kunyuka isantya sokushwabana, kwaye kokukhona kuhlwempuzeka ukuzinza kwelaphu.

Ubude belaphu ngokwalo buhluke kubude bomsonto (isilika) esetyenzisiweyo, kwaye umahluko phakathi kwezi zibini zidla ngokumelwa kukucutha kokuluka.

Ireyithi yokucutheka (%)=[umsonto (isilika) ubude bomsonto - ubude belaphu]/ubude belaphu

Emva kokucwiliswa emanzini, ngenxa yokuvuvukala kweefayili ngokwazo, ubude bengubo buyancipha ngakumbi, kubangele ukuncipha.Isantya sokushwabana kwelaphu siyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwisantya sokucutheka kwalo.Ireyithi yokuncipha kokuluka iyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kubume bombutho kunye noxinzelelo lokuluka kwelaphu ngokwalo.Xa ukunyanzeliswa kokulukwa kuphantsi, ilaphu liqinile kwaye liqinile, kwaye izinga lokuncipha kwe-weaving liphezulu, isantya sokuncipha kwelaphu sincinci;Xa i-tension yokuluka iphezulu, ilaphu liyakhululeka, libe khaphukhaphu, kwaye izinga lokucutheka liphantsi, nto leyo ekhokelela kwisantya esiphezulu sokuncipha kwelaphu.Ekudayeni nasekugqibeni, ukuze kuncitshiswe izinga lokucutheka kwamalaphu, ukugqibezela kwangaphambi kokuncipha kudla ngokusetyenziswa ukunyusa ingxinano ye-weft, ukonyusa izinga lokucutheka kwelaphu, kwaye ngaloo ndlela kuncitshiswe isantya sokuncipha kwelaphu.

02.Izizathu zokuncipha kwelaphu

Izizathu zokuncipha kwelaphu ziquka:

Ngexesha lokusonta, ukuluka, kunye nokudaya, imisonto ekwilaphu iba nde okanye ikhubazeke ngenxa yamandla angaphandle.Kwangaxeshanye, iintambo zomsonto kunye nesakhiwo selaphu zenza uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi.Kwimeko yokuphumla emileyo emileyo, imo yokuphumla emanzi engatshintshiyo, okanye imeko yokuphumla okumanzi, amanqanaba ahlukeneyo oxinzelelo lwangaphakathi ayakhululwa ukubuyisela imisonto kunye nelaphu kwimeko yazo yokuqala.

Iifayili ezahlukeneyo kunye neendwangu zazo zinee-degrees ezihlukeneyo zokunciphisa, ngokukodwa kuxhomekeke kwiimpawu zemicu yazo - iifayili ze-hydrophilic zinezinga elikhulu lokunciphisa, njengekotoni, ilinen, i-viscose kunye nezinye iifayili;Nangona kunjalo, iifayibha ze-hydrophobic zine-shrinkage encinci, njenge-synthetic fibers.

Xa iifiber zikwimeko emanzi, zidumba phantsi kwesenzo sokucwiliswa, kubangela ukuba ububanzi bemicu bunyuke.Umzekelo, kumalaphu, oku kunyanzelisa iradiyasi egophekileyo yeentsinga kwiindawo zokuluka zelaphu ukuba zande, nto leyo ekhokelela kubude obufutshane belaphu.Ngokomzekelo, imicu yekotoni idumba phantsi kwesenzo samanzi, inyusa indawo yayo enqamlezileyo ngama-40-50% kunye nobude nge-1-2%, ngelixa iifibers zokwenziwa ngokubanzi zibonisa ukuncipha kwe-thermal, njengokuncipha kwamanzi abilayo, malunga ne-5%.

Ngaphantsi kweemeko zokufudumeza, imilo kunye nobukhulu beentsinga ze-textile ziyatshintsha kwaye ziyancipha, kodwa azikwazi ukubuyela kwimeko yazo yokuqala emva kokupholisa, okubizwa ngokuba yi-fiber thermal shrinkage.Ipesenti yobude phambi nasemva kokushwabana kwe-thermal ibizwa ngokuba yireyithi yokucutha kwe-thermal, ebonakaliswa ngokubanzi njengepesenti yokuncipha kobude befayibha kumanzi abilayo kwi-100 ℃;Kusenokwenzeka ukulinganisa ipesenti yokushwabana kumoya oshushu ngaphezulu kwe-100 ℃ usebenzisa indlela yomoya oshushu, okanye ukulinganisa ipesenti yokushwabana komphunga ngaphezu kwe-100 ℃ usebenzisa indlela yomphunga.Ukusebenza kweentsinga kuyahluka phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo ezifana nesakhiwo sangaphakathi, ubushushu bokufudumala, kunye nexesha.Ngokomzekelo, xa kusetyenzwa i-polyester staple fibers, izinga lokunciphisa amanzi abilayo li-1%, i-vinylon shrinkage yamanzi abilayo yi-5%, kwaye isantya sokunciphisa umoya we-chloroprene yi-50%.Uzinzo lwedimensional yeentsinga ekusetyenzweni kwelaphu kunye namalaphu anxulumene ngokusondeleyo, abonelela ngesiseko esithile soyilo lweenkqubo ezilandelayo.

03.Isantya sokuncipha kwamalaphu ahlukeneyo

Ngokwembono yesantya sokucutheka, eyona incinci ziintsinga zokwenziwa kunye namalaphu adityanisiweyo, alandelwa nguboya kunye nelinen, amalaphu ekotoni phakathi, amalaphu esilika anokuncipha okukhulu, kwaye eyona inkulu yimicu ye-viscose, umqhaphu owenziweyo, kunye namalaphu oboya okwenziwa.

Umyinge wokushwabana kwamalaphu ngokubanzi:

Umqhaphu 4% -10%;

I-Chemical fiber 4% -8%;

Ipholiyesta yomqhaphu 3.5% -55%;

I-3% yengubo emhlophe yendalo;

I-3% -4% yengubo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka;

I-Poplin yi-3-4%;

Ilaphu leentyatyambo li-3-3.5%;

Ilaphu leTwill yi-4%;

Ilaphu labasebenzi li-10%;

Umqhaphu owenziweyo yi-10%

04.Izinto ezichaphazela izinga lokucutheka

Imathiriyeli ekrwada: Izinga lokushwabana kwamalaphu liyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto ezisetyenziswayo.Ngokuqhelekileyo, iintsinga ezinokufunxa ukufuma okuphezulu ziya kwanda, zonyuke ngobubanzi, zibe mfutshane ngobude, kwaye zibe nesantya esiphezulu sokushwabana emva kokuntywiliselwa emanzini.Ukuba ezinye iintsinga ze-viscose zinezinga lokufunxa amanzi ukuya kuthi ga kwi-13%, ngelixa amalaphu e-synthetic fiber anokufunxa kakubi ukufuma, isantya sawo sokushwabana sincinci.

Ubuninzi: Isantya sokushwabana siyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kubuninzi belaphu.Ukuba i-longitudinal kunye ne-latitudinal densities ziyafana, i-longitudinal yabo kunye ne-latitudinal shrinkage rates nazo ziyafana.Ilaphu elinoxinaniso oluphezulu lwe-warp liya kuba nokuncipha okukhulu kwe-warp, ngelixa ilaphu elinoxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-weft kunoxinaniso lwe-warp liya kuba nokuncipha okukhulu kwe-weft.

Ubukhulu besibalo somsonto: Umyinge wokushwabana kwamalaphu uyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kubukhulu bobalo lomsonto.Iimpahla ezinomsonto orhabaxa zinezinga eliphezulu lokushwabana, ngelixa amalaphu anemisonto emihle enomlinganiselo osezantsi wokushwabana.

Inkqubo yokuvelisa: Iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokuvelisa ilaphu zikhokelela kumazinga ahlukeneyo okucutheka.Ngokuqhelekileyo, ngexesha lokwaluka kunye nokudaya kunye nokugqiba inkqubo yelaphu, iifayibha kufuneka zolule amaxesha amaninzi, kwaye ixesha lokucubungula lide.Izinga lokunciphisa amalaphu anoxinzelelo oluphezulu olusetyenzisiweyo luphezulu, kwaye ngokuphambene.

Ukubunjwa kweFayibha: Imicu yezityalo zendalo (ezifana nekotoni kunye nelinen) kunye nemicu yezityalo ezihlaziyiweyo (ezifana ne-viscose) zithandwa kakhulu ukufunxa umswakama kunye nokwandiswa xa kuthelekiswa neentambo zokwenziwa (ezifana ne-polyester kunye ne-acrylic), okubangelwa izinga eliphezulu lokunciphisa.Kwelinye icala, uboya buthanda ukufeketha ngenxa yolwakhiwo lwesikali kumphezulu wosinga, ochaphazela uzinzo lwabo lomda.

Ulwakhiwo lwelaphu: Ngokubanzi, ukuzinza kwe-dimensional yelaphu elilukiweyo lingcono kunelaphu elinithiweyo;Ukuzinza kwe-dimensional of high-density fabrics kungcono kuneendwangu eziphantsi.Kwilaphu elukiweyo, izinga lokucutheka kwamalaphu alukiweyo aqhelekileyo lingaphantsi kunelaphu leflaneli;Kwimpahla ezinithiweyo, isantya sokucutheka kweelaphu ezinithiweyo ezicacileyo zingaphantsi kuneendwangu ezimbambo.

Inkqubo yokuvelisa kunye nokucubungula: Ngenxa yokwelula okungenakuphepheka kwelaphu ngumatshini ngexesha lokudaya, ukuprinta, kunye nokugqiba, ukuxinana kukho kwilaphu.Nangona kunjalo, amalaphu anokuphelisa ukuxinezeleka ngokulula xa evezwe emanzini, ngoko sinokubona ukuncipha emva kokuhlamba.Kwiinkqubo ezisebenzayo, siqhele ukusebenzisa i-pre shrinkage ukusombulula le ngxaki.

Inkqubo yokunyamekela: Ukuhlamba ukunyamekela kubandakanya ukuhlamba, ukomisa, kunye ne-ayina, nganye eya kuchaphazela ukucutheka kwelaphu.Umzekelo, iisampulu ezihlanjwe ngesandla zinozinzo olungcono kuneesampulu ezihlanjwe ngoomatshini, kwaye ubushushu bokuhlamba bukwachaphazela uzinzo lwazo.Ngokuqhelekileyo, okukhona iqondo lobushushu liphezulu, kokukhona lihlwempuzeka uzinzo.

Indlela yokomisa yesampulu nayo inempembelelo ebalulekileyo ekunciphiseni kwendwangu.Iindlela zokomisa ezidla ngokusetyenziswa ziquka ukomisa ngethontsi, ukomisa umnatha wesinyithi, ukomisa okujingayo, nokomisa igubu elijikelezayo.Indlela yokomisa i-drip ineyona mpembelelo incinci kubungakanani belaphu, ngelixa indlela yokumisa igubu ejikelezayo inempembelelo enkulu kubungakanani belaphu, kunye nezinye ezimbini ziphakathi.

Ukongeza, ukukhetha ubushushu obufanelekileyo be-ayina ngokusekwe ekubunjweni kwelaphu kunokuphucula ukucutheka kwelaphu.Ngokomzekelo, amalaphu ekotoni kunye nelinen anokuphucula izinga lokunciphisa ubungakanani ngokusebenzisa i-ironing yobushushu obuphezulu.Kodwa asikuko ukuba amaqondo obushushu aphezulu angcono.Kwimicu yokwenziwa, i-ironing yobushushu obuphezulu ayinakukwazi nje ukuphucula i-shrinkage yabo, kodwa inokonakalisa ukusebenza kwayo, njengokwenza ilaphu libe lukhuni kwaye libe lukhuni.

05.Indlela yokuvavanya ukucutheka

Iindlela zokuhlola ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo zokushwabana kwelaphu ziquka ukufunxa okomileyo kunye nokuhlamba.

Ukuthatha uhlolo lokuvasa amanzi njengomzekelo, inkqubo yovavanyo lwenqanaba lokucutheka kunye nendlela yolu hlobo lulandelayo:

Iisampulu: Thatha iisampulu kwibhetshi enye yamalaphu, ubuncinci iimitha ezi-5 ukusuka kwintloko yelaphu.Isampuli yelaphu ekhethiweyo akufanele ibe naziphi na iziphene ezichaphazela iziphumo.Isampuli kufuneka ilungele ukuhlamba amanzi, kunye nobubanzi be-70cm ukuya kwi-80cm yeebhloko zesikwere.Emva kokubeka ngokwendalo iiyure ezi-3, beka i50cm * 50cm yesampulu embindini welaphu, uze usebenzise usiba oluntloko lwebhokisi ukuzoba imigca ejikeleze imiphetho.

Umzobo wesampulu: Beka isampuli kwindawo ethe tyaba, uphucule i-creases kunye nezitenxo, musa ukolula, kwaye ungasebenzisi amandla xa uzobe imigca ukuze ugweme ukufuduka.

Isampulu ehlanjwe ngamanzi: Ukuthintela ukujika kombala kwindawo yokumakisha emva kokuhlamba, kuyimfuneko ukuthunga (ilaphu elinithiweyo elinamaleko amabini, ilaphu elilukiweyo elinomgangatho omnye).Xa uthunga, kuphela icala le-warp kunye necala lobubanzi belaphu elinithiweyo ekufuneka lithungwe, kwaye ilaphu elilukiweyo kufuneka lithungwe kumacala omane kunye nokunwebeka okufanelekileyo.Amalaphu arhabaxa okanye asasazeke ngokulula kufuneka adityaniswe ngemisonto emithathu kumacala omane.Emva kokuba isampuli yemoto ilungile, yibeke emanzini ashushu kwi-30 degrees celsius, ihlambe ngomatshini wokuhlamba, uyomise ngesomisi okanye umoya uyomise ngokwemvelo, kwaye uyipholise ngokucokisekileyo imizuzu engama-30 ngaphambi kokwenza imilinganiselo yokwenyani.

Ukubala: Ireyithi yokucutheka=(ubungakanani phambi kokuhlanjwa – ubukhulu emva kokuhlanjwa)/ubungakanani phambi kokuhlamba x 100%.Ngokubanzi, izinga lokucutheka kwamalaphu kuzo zombini iindlela zokuluka kunye ne-weft kufuneka lilinganiswe.